Chapter 15: Cultural
Transformations: Religion and Science, 1450–1750 |
|
I. |
The Globalization
of Christianity |
|
A. |
Western
Christendom Fragmented: The Protestant Reformation |
|
|
1. |
Martin Luther |
|
|
2. |
The power of the written word |
|
|
3. |
Wars of Religion |
|
|
4. |
Counter-Reformation |
|
B. |
Christianity
Outward Bound |
|
|
1. |
“In search of Christians and spices” |
|
|
2. |
Missionaries and pilgrims |
|
C. |
Conversion and
Adaptation in
Spanish America |
|
|
1. |
Conquest and Conversion |
|
|
2. |
Resistance and Revival |
|
|
3. |
Gender in a changing culture |
|
|
4. |
Syncretism: Huacas and Saints |
|
D. |
An Asian
Comparison:
China
and the Jesuits |
|
|
1. |
Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1912)
prosperity |
|
|
2. |
Matteo Ricci and
the Chinese elite |
|
|
3. |
Emperor Kangxi versus the Pope |
|
II. |
Persistence and
Change in Afro-Asian Cultural Traditions |
|
A. |
Expansion and Renewal in the Islamic World |
|
|
1. |
Sufi mystics, Koranic scholars, and Muslim merchants |
|
|
2. |
Syncretism and diversity in South and
Southeast Asia |
|
|
3. |
Aurangzeb and Wahhabi Islam |
|
B. |
China: New
Directions in an Old Tradition |
|
|
1. |
Neo-Confucianism |
|
|
2. |
Kaozheng |
|
|
3. |
Urban popular culture: The Dream of the
Red Chamber |
|
C. |
India: Bridging
the Hindu/Muslim Divide |
|
|
1. |
Bhakti |
|
|
2. |
Mirbai (1498–1547) |
|
|
3. |
Guru Nanak (1469–1539) and Sikhism |
|
III. |
A New Way of Thinking:
The Birth of Modern Science |
|
A. |
The Question of Origins: Why
Europe? |
|
|
1. |
Autonomous universities |
|
|
2. |
Madrassas and Confucian learning |
|
|
3. |
Knowledge from other cultures |
|
B. |
Science as
Cultural Revolution |
|
|
1. |
Ptolemy’s universe |
|
|
2. |
Copernicus, Kepler,
and Galileo |
|
|
3. |
Isaac Newton |
|
|
4. |
Accommodating faith and tradition with
science |
|
C. |
Science and
Enlightenment |
|
|
1. |
Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant,
John Locke, and Voltaire |
|
|
2. |
The persistence of gender
inequality |
|
|
3. |
Deism, Pantheism, and
religious revivalism |
|
D. |
Looking Ahead:
Science in the Nineteenth Century |
|
|
1. |
Charles Darwin |
|
|
2. |
Karl Marx |
|
|
3. |
Sigmund Freud |
|
E. |
European Science
beyond the West |
|
|
1. |
Diffusion of technology but
not scientific thinking |
|
|
2. |
China
&
Japan |
|
|
3. |
The
Ottoman
Empire |
|
F. |
Impact on Siberians |