Ways of the World with Sources, Volume 2
Fifth Edition ©2022 Robert Strayer; Eric Nelson Formats: Achieve, E-book, Print
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Authors
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Robert W. Strayer
Robert W. Strayer (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin) brings wide experience in world history to the writing of Ways of the World. His teaching career began in Ethiopia where he taught high school world history for two years as part of the Peace Corps. At the university level, he taught African, Soviet, and world history for many years at the State University of New York-College at Brockport, where he received Chancellors Awards for Excellence in Teaching and for Excellence in Scholarship. In 1998 he was visiting professor of world and Soviet history at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. Since moving to California in 2002, he has taught world history at the University of California, Santa Cruz; California State University, Monterey Bay; and Cabrillo College. He is a long-time member of the World History Association and served on its Executive Committee. He has also participated in various AP® World History gatherings, including two years as a reader. His publications include Kenya: Focus on Nationalism, The Making of Mission Communities in East Africa, The Making of the Modern World, Why Did the Soviet Union Collapse?, and The Communist Experiment.
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Eric W. Nelson
Eric W. Nelson (D.Phil., Oxford University) is a professor of history at Missouri State University. He is an experienced teacher who has won a number of awards, including the Governor’s Award for Teaching Excellence in 2011 and the CASE and Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching Professor of the Year Award for Missouri in 2012. He is currently Faculty Fellow for Engaged Learning, developing new ways to integrate in-class and online teaching environments. His publications include The Legacy of Iconoclasm: Religious War and the Relic Landscape of Tours, Blois and Vendôme, and The Jesuits and the Monarchy: Catholic Reform and Political Authority in France.
Table of Contents
The Combined Volume includes all chapters.
Volume 1 includes Chapters 1-12.
Volume 2 includes Chapters 12-23.
NOTE: Achieve for Ways of the World 5e includes additional activities and assessments for the book content. Along with the interactive e-books for the main text and the companion source reader, Achieve provides quizzes for the source features in the book and the documents in the companion reader, LearningCurve adaptive quizzing, study and writing skills tutorials, and a variety of autograded exercises that help students develop their historical thinking skills. Many of these resources are set up for quick use in the pre-built courses in Achieve, which can be customized easily, and Achieve also allows instructors to create quiz questions and upload their own documents.
Preface
Versions and Supplements
Working with Primary Sources
Prologue: From Cosmic History to Human History
12. THE WORLDS OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
Societies and Cultures of the Fifteenth Century
Paleolithic Persistence: Australia and North America
Agricultural Village Societies: The Igbo and the Iroquois
Pastoral Peoples: Central Asia and West Africa
Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: Comparing China and Europe
Ming Dynasty China
European Comparisons: State Building and Cultural Renewal
European Comparisons: Maritime Voyaging
Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: The Islamic World
In the Islamic Heartland: The Ottoman and Safavid Empires
On the Frontiers of Islam: The Songhay and Mughal Empires
Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: The Americas
The Aztec Empire
The Inca Empire
Webs of Connection
After 1500: Looking Ahead to the Modern Era
Conclusions and Reflections: Perspectives on Turning Points
Revisiting Chapter 12
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 12
ZOOMING IN: 1453 in Constantinople
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Islam and Renaissance Europe
Source 12.1 Portrait of Mehmed II: Gentile Bellini, Portrait of Mehmed II, ca. 1479
Source 12.2 Machiavelli on the Turkish State: Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince, 1513
Source 12.3 Venetian Trade in the Middle East: The Venetian Ambassador Visits Damascus, 1511
Source 12.4 Greek and Islamic Philosophers in Renaissance Art: Girolamo de Cremona, Aristotle and Averroes, 1483
Source 12.5 A Papal Call for Crusade: Pope Clement VI, Call for Crusade, September 30, 1343
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Christian/Muslim Relations during the Renaissance
Voice 12.1 Jerry Brotton on the Role of Cross-cultural Exchange in the European Renaissance, from The Renaissance Bazaar: From the Silk Road to Michelangelo, 2002
Voice 12.2 Bernard Lewis on Hostility between Christians and Muslims, from Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims and Jews in the Age of Discovery, 1995
PART 4 The Early Modern World, 1450–1750
THE BIG PICTURE Toward Modernity . . . or Not?
Sprouts of Modernity?
Continuing Older Patterns?
LANDMARKS IN WORLD HISTORY (1450–1750)
13. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS: EMPIRES AND ENCOUNTERS, 1450–1750
European Empires in the Americas
The European Advantage
The Great Dying and the Little Ice Age
The Columbian Exchange
Comparing Colonial Societies in the Americas
In the Lands of the Aztecs and the Incas
Colonies of Sugar
Settler Colonies in North America
The Steppes and Siberia: The Making of a Russian Empire
Experiencing the Russian Empire
Russians and Empire
Asian Empires
Making China an Empire
Muslims and Hindus in the Mughal Empire
Muslims and Christians in the Ottoman Empire
Conclusions and Reflections: The Importance of Context
Revisiting Chapter 13
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 13
ZOOMING IN: Doña Marina: Between Two Worlds
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: State Building in the Early Modern Era
Source 13.1 The Memoirs of Emperor Jahangir: Jahangir, Memoirs, 1605–1627
Source 13.2 The Palace of an Ottoman Emperor: A Reception at the Court of Selim III, late 18th Century
Source 13.3 French State Building and Louis XIV
Louis XIV, Memoirs, 1670
Louis XIV in Costume, 1653
Source 13.4 An Outsider’s View of the Inca Empire: Pedro de Cieza de León, Chronicles of the Incas, ca. 1550
Source 13.5 The Temple of Heaven: Beijing, China: The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, ca. 1420
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Early Modern Rulers
Voice 13.1 Charles Parker on Emperor Kangxi of China and Louis XIV of France, from Global Interactions in the Early Modern Age, 1400–1800, 2010
Voice 13.2 John Darwin on Emperor Akbar’s Public Image, from After Tamerlane: The Rise and Fall of Global Empires 1400–2000, 2008
14. ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS: COMMERCE AND CONSEQUENCE, 1450–1750
Europeans and Asian Commerce
A Portuguese Empire of Commerce
Spain and the Philippines
The East India Companies
Asians and Asian Commerce
Silver and Global Commerce
"The World Hunt": Fur in Global Commerce
Commerce in People: The Transatlantic Slave System
The Slave Trade in Context
The Slave Trade in Practice
Consequences: The Impact of the Slave Trade in Africa
Conclusions and Reflections: Global Trade and Moral Complexity
Revisiting Chapter 14
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 14
ZOOMING IN: Ayuba Suleiman Diallo: To Slavery and Back
CONTROVERSIES: Debating the Atlantic World
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Consumption and Culture in the Early Modern World
Source 14.1 Clothing and Status in the Americas: Miguel Cabrera, Detail from a Series on Multiracial Marriages in Mexico, 1763
Source 14.2 Regulating Dress in Europe and Japan
Venetian Law REgulating Dress, 1511
Ihara Saikaku, The Japanese Family Storehouse, 1688
Source 14.3 Tea and Porcelain in Europe: Image of Tea Drinking and Chinese Porcelain Cups, 18th century
Source 14.4 A Critical View of Coffeehouses in the Ottoman Empire: Mustafa Ali, Description of Cairo, 1599
Source 14.5 An Ottoman Coffeehouse: A Gathering of Turkish Men at an Ottoman Coffeehouse, 16th century
Source 14.6 Coffeehouse Culture in England: Thomas Jordan, News from the Coffee-house, 1667
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: On Consumer Culture in the Early Modern World
Voice 14.1 Frank Trentmann on Consumer Culture in the Netherlands and Britain,From Empire of Things: How We Became a World of Consumers, from the Fifteenth Century to the Twenty-First, 2016
Voice 14.2 Anne Gerritsen and Giorgio Riello on the Impacts of Global Consumption and Exchange, From The European World 1500-1800: An Introduction to Early Modern History, 2018
15. CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS: RELIGION AND SCIENCE, 1450–1750
The Globalization of Christianity
Western Christendom Fragmented: The Protestant Reformation
Christianity Outward Bound
Conversion and Adaptation in Spanish America
An Asian Comparison: China and the Jesuits
Persistence and Change in Afro-Asian Cultural Traditions
Expansion and Renewal in the Islamic World
China: New Directions in an Old Tradition
India: Bridging the Hindu/Muslim Divide
A New Way of Thinking: The Birth of Modern Science
The Question of Origins
Science as Cultural Revolution
Science and Enlightenment
European Science beyond the West
Looking Ahead: Science in the Nineteenth Century and Beyond
Conclusions and Reflections: Many Ways of Cultural Borrowing
Revisiting Chapter 15
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 15
ZOOMING IN: Galileo and the Telescope: Reflecting on Science and Religion
THEN AND NOW: Science
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Christianity: Becoming a Global Religion
Source 15.1 Cultural Blending in Andean Christianity: La Virgen del Cerro (Virgin Mary of the Mountains), ca. 1740
Source 15.2 Christianity through Maya Eyes: The Chilam Balam of Chumayel, 18th century
Source 15.3 Making Christianity Chinese: Illustration of the Annunciation, ca. 17th century
Source 15.4 The Chinese Rites Controversy
Papal Decree Banning Chinese Rites, 1715
Decree of Emperor Kangxi, 1721
Source 15.5 Christian Art in the Mughal Empire: Unknown Indian Artist, The Holy Family, early 17th century
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Missions in Mesoamerica and China
Voice 15.1 Merry Wiesner-Hanks on the Virgin of Guadalupe, from A Concise History of the World, 2015
Voice 15.2 Diarmaid MacCulloch on Jesuit Missionary Strategies in China, from Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years, 2009
PART 5 The European Moment in World History, 1750–1900
THE BIG PICTURE European Centrality and the Problem of Eurocentrism
LANDMARKS IN WORLD HISTORY (1750–1900)
16. ATLANTIC REVOLUTIONS, GLOBAL ECHOES, 1750–1900
Atlantic Revolutions in a Global Context
Comparing Atlantic Revolutions
The North American Revolution, 1775–1787
The French Revolution, 1789–1815
The Haitian Revolution, 1791–1804
Latin American Revolutions, 1808–1825
Echoes of Revolution
The Abolition of Slavery
Nations and Nationalism
Feminist Beginnings
Conclusions and Reflections: Pondering the Outcomes of Revolutions
Revisiting Chapter 16
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 16
ZOOMING IN: Kartini: Feminism and Nationalism in Java
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Opponents of the Atlantic Revolutions
Source 16.1 A New York Clergyman’s Criticism of the Continental Congress: Samuel Seabury, Letter of a Westchester Farmer, 1774
Source 16.2 A British Conservative’s Critique of the Universal Rights of Man: Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, 1790
Source 16.3 An English Cartoon’s Reaction to Revolutionary Violence: Hell Broke Loose, or, The Murder of Louis, 1793
Source 16.4 The French National Assembly and Slavery: Decree and Explanation of the French National Assembly, May 15 and 29, 1791
Source 16.5 Imagining Women’s Suffrage: An Inauguration of the Future, 1897
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: How the French Revolution Went Wrong
Voice 16.1 Tocqueville on the Course of the French Revolution, from The Old Regime and the Revolution, 1856
Voice 16.2 Hippolyte Taine on the Failure of the Early Years of the Revolution and the Rise of the Radical Revolution, from The French Revolution, 1881
17. REVOLUTIONS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION, 1750–1900
Industrialization: The Global Context
The First Industrial Society
The British Aristocracy
The Middle Classes
The Laboring Classes
Social Protest
Europeans in Motion
Variations on a Theme: Industrialization in the United States and Russia
The United States: Industrialization without Socialism
Russia: Industrialization and Revolution
The Industrial Revolution and Latin America in the Nineteenth Century
After Independence in Latin America
Facing the World Economy
Becoming like Europe?
Conclusions and Reflections: Reflecting on the Industrial Revolution
Revisiting Chapter 17
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 17
CONTROVERSIES: Debating "Why Europe?"
ZOOMING IN: The English Luddites and Machine Breaking
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: The Socialist Vision and Its Enemies
Source 17.1 Socialism According to Marx: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 1848
Source 17.2 Socialism without Revolution: Eduard Bernstein, Evolutionary Socialism, 1899
Source 17.3 Socialist Perspectives in Art: The Present and the Future
Industrial Workers of the World, A Pyramid of Capitalist Society, 1911
Manifest of International Trade Union Congress, 1896
Source 17.4 Socialism in Song: Eugène Pottier, The Internationale, 1871
Source 17.5 British Poster Depicting the Socialist Threat: Conservative Party, Socialism Throttling the Country, 1909
Source 17.6 Outlawing Socialism in Germany: Law against the Publicly Dangerous Endeavors of Social Democracy, 1878
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: The Legacy of Karl Marx in the Twenty-First Century
Voice 17.1 Allan Todd on Marx and Current History, from The Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Russia, 2016
Voice 17.2 Terry Eagleton on the Continuing Relevance of Marx, from Why Marx Was Right, 2011
18. COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS IN ASIA, AFRICA, AND OCEANIA, 1750–1950
Industry and Empire
A Second Wave of European Conquests
Under European Rule
Cooperation and Rebellion
Colonial Empires with a Difference
Ways of Working: Comparing Colonial Economies
Economies of Coercion: Forced Labor and the Power of the State
Economies of Cash-Crop Agriculture: The Pull of the Market
Economies of Wage Labor: Migration for Work
Women and the Colonial Economy: Examples from Africa
Assessing Colonial Development
Believing and Belonging: Identity and Cultural Change
Education
Religion
"Race" and "Tribe"
Conclusions and Reflections: Who Makes History?
Revisiting Chapter 18
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 18
ZOOMING IN: Vivekananda, a Hindu Monk in America
THEN AND NOW: Imperialism
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Colonial Conquest: The Scramble for Africa
Source 18.1 Competition and Conquest: Charles Tichon, Commandant Marchand across Africa, 1900
Source 18.2 "Pacification" in East Africa: Richard Meinertzhagen, A Small Slaughter, 1902
Source 18.3 From Cape to Cairo: The Rhodes Colossus, 1892
Source 18.4 Ethiopia and the Scramble for Africa
Menelik II, Letter to the European Great Powers, 1891
Menelik II, Mobilization Proclamation, 1895
Source 18.5 Empire Building in North Africa: British and French in North Africa, ca. 1910
Source 18.6 An African American Voice on the Scramble for Africa: W. E. B. DuBois, The African Roots of War, 1915
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: The Invasion of Africa
Voice 18.1 Thomas Pakenham on European Motivations, from The Scramble for Africa, 1992
Voice 18.2 A. Adu Boahen on African Strategies, from African Perspectives on Colonialism, 1987
19. EMPIRES IN COLLISION: EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST, AND EAST ASIA, 1800–1900
Reversal of Fortune: China’s Century of Crisis
The Crisis Within
Western Pressures
The Failure of Conservative Modernization
The Ottoman Empire and the West in the Nineteenth Century
"The Sick Man of Europe"
Reform and Its Opponents
Outcomes: Comparing China and the Ottoman Empire
The Japanese Difference: The Rise of a New East Asian Power
The Tokugawa Background
American Intrusion and the Meiji Restoration
Modernization Japanese-Style
Japan and the World
Conclusions and Reflections: Success and Failure in History
Revisiting Chapter 19
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 19
ZOOMING IN: Lin Zexu: Confronting the Opium Trade
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: China: On the Brink of Change
Source 19.1 Toward a Constitutional Monarchy: Kang Youwei, An Appeal to Emperor Guangxu, 1898
Source 19.2 Resistance to Change: Conservative Reactions after the Sino-Japanese War, late 19th-early 20th century
Source 19.3 Gender, Reform, and Revolution: Qiu Jin, Address to Two Hundred Million Fellow Countrywomen, 1904
Source 19.4 Cutting the Queue: The Modernization of China, 1911
Source 19.5 Toward Revolution: Wang Jingwei, We Want a Republic, Not a Constitutional Monarchy, April 25, 1910
Source 19.6 The Chinese Revolution of 1911: About the Insurrectional Movement in China, 1911
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: The Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895
Voice 19.1 David and Yurong Atwill on the Significance of the War for China, from Sources in Chinese History, 2010
Voice 19.2 James L. Huffman on the Significance of the War for Japan, from Japan in World History, 2010
PART 6 The Long Twentieth Century, 1900–present
THE BIG PICTURE The Long Twentieth Century: A New Period in World History?
LANDMARKS IN WORLD HISTORY (1900–present)
20. WAR AND REVOLUTION, 1900–1950
The First World War: A European Crisis with a Global Impact, 1914–1918
Origins: The Beginnings of the Great War
Outcomes: Legacies of the Great War
The Russian Revolution and Soviet Communism
Capitalism Unraveling: The Great Depression
Democracy Denied: The Authoritarian Alternative
European Fascism
Hitler and the Nazis
Japanese Authoritarianism
A Second World War, 1937–1945
The Road to War in Asia
The Road to War in Europe
Consequences: The Outcomes of a Second Global Conflict
Communist Consolidation and Expansion: The Chinese Revolution
Conclusions and Reflections: Historical Intersections and Their Implications
Revisiting Chapter 20
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 20
ZOOMING IN: Hiroshima
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Ideologies of the Axis Powers
Source 20.1 Italian Fascism: Creating a New Roman Empire: School Exercise Book Celebrating Italy’s Victory over Ethiopia, 1937
Source 20.2 Hitler on Nazism: Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), 1925–1926
Source 20.3 Nazi Anti-Semitism: H. Schluter, Der Ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew), 1937
Source 20.4 The Japanese Way: Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan, 1937
Source 20.5 Japanese Imperialism: Japanese Propaganda Poster of Manchuria under Japanese Occupation, 1933
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Anti-Semitism
Voice 20.1 Beth A. Griech-Polelle on Anti-Semitism Creating "Otherness," from Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust, 2017
Voice 20.2 Christopher Browning on Why Many Ordinary Germans Tacitly Supported Nazi Anti-Semitic Policies, From The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939 – March 1942, 2004
21. A CHANGING GLOBAL LANDSCAPE, 1950–PRESENT
Recovering from the War
Communism Chinese-Style
Building a Modern Society
Eliminating Enemies
East versus West: A Global Divide and a Cold War
Military Conflict and the Cold War
Nuclear Standoff and Third-World Rivalry
The Cold War and the Superpowers
Toward Freedom: Struggles for Independence
The End of Empire in World History
Toward Independence in Asia and Africa
After Freedom
The End of the Communist Era
Beyond Mao in China
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
After Communism
Conclusions and Reflections: Twentieth-Century Communism
Revisiting Chapter 21
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 21
ZOOMING IN: Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Mao’s China
Source 21.1 Revolution in Long Bow Village: William Hinton, Confronting Landlords and Husbands, 1948
Source 21.2 A Vision of the New China: Poster "Work Hard for a New Age," 1970s
Source 21.3 Socialism in the Countryside
Mao Zedong, On Communes, 1958
Poster: "The People’s Communes Are Good," 1958
Source 21.4 Women, Nature, and Industrialization: Poster "Women Hold Up Half of Heaven," 1970
Source 21.5 The Cult of Mao: Poster "Chairman Mao and Us Together," 1968
Source 21.6 Experiencing the Cultural Revolution: Gao Yuan, Born Red, 1987
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Assessing Mao
Voice 21.1 Maurice Meisner on Mao, Modernization, and Socialism, from Mao’s China and After, 1999
Voice 21.2 Frank Dikotter on Mao’s Great Famine, from Mao’s Great Famine, 2011
22. GLOBAL PROCESSES: TECHNOLOGY, ECONOMY, AND SOCIETY, 1900–PRESENT
Science and Technology: The Acceleration of Innovation
A Second Scientific Revolution
Fossil Fuel Breakthroughs
Transportation Breakthroughs
Communication and Information Breakthroughs
Military Weapons Breakthroughs
The Global Economy: The Acceleration of Entanglement
Industrial Globalization: Development in the Global South
Economic Globalization: Deepening Connections
Growth, Instability, and Inequality
Pushback: Resistance to Economic Globalization
Producing and Consuming: The Shapes of Modern Societies
Life on the Land: The Decline of the Peasantry
The Changing Lives of Industrial Workers
The Service Sector and the Informal Economy
Global Middle Classes and Life at the Top
Getting Personal: Transformations of Private Life
Modernity and Personal Life
The State and Personal Life
Feminism and Personal Life
Conclusions and Reflections: On Contemporary History
Revisiting Chapter 22
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 22
CONTROVERSIES: Debating Globalization
ZOOMING IN: Anna Dubova, a Russian Woman, and the Soviet State
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Global Feminism
Source 22.1 Western Feminism in the Twenty-First Century
A Slutwalk Protest in London, 2012
A Demonstration for Women Workers’ Rights in Toulouse, France, 2017
Source 22.2 Black American Feminism: Combahee River Collective, A Black Feminist Statement, 1977
Source 22.3 Communist Feminism: Soviet Poster Advertising Support for Women Workers, 1949
Source 22.4 Islamic Feminism: Benazir Bhutto, Politics and the Muslim Woman, 1995
Source 22.5 Mexican Zapatista Feminists
Indigenous Women’s Petition, March 1, 1994
The Women’s Revolutionary Law, January 1, 1994
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Feminism: Tensions and Resistance
Voice 22.1 Merry Wiesner-Hanks on International Feminism, from Gender in History: Global Perspectives, 2011
Voice 22.2 Peter Stearns on Resistance to Global Feminism, from Gender in World History, 2015
23. GLOBAL PROCESSES: DEMOGRAPHY, CULTURE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT, 1900–PRESENT
More People: Quadrupling Human Numbers
People in Motion: Patterns of Migration
To the Cities: Global Urbanization
Moving Abroad: Long-Distance Migration
Microbes in Motion: Disease and Recent History
Cultural Identity in an Entangled World
Race, Nation, and Ethnicity
Popular Culture on the Move
Religion and Global Modernity
The Environment in the Anthropocene Era
The Global Environment Transformed
Changing the Climate
Protecting the Planet: The Rise of Environmentalism
Conclusions and Reflections: World History and the Making of Meaning
Revisiting Chapter 23
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 23
ZOOMING IN: Barbie and Her Competitors in the Muslim World
THEN AND NOW: Humanity and Nature
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Contending for Islam
Source 23.1 A Secular State for an Islamic Society: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Speech to the General Congress of the Republican Party, 1927
Source 23.2 Toward an Islamic Society: The Muslim Brotherhood, Toward the Light, 1936
Source 23.3 Two Images of Islamic Radicalism
The Violent Face of Islamic Radicalism, 2015
The Peaceful Face of Islamic Radicalism, 2015
Source 23.4 The Sufi Alternative: Narendra Modi, Sufism and Islamic Radicalism, 2016
Source 23.5 Progressive Islam: Kabir Helminski, Islam and Human Values, 2009
Source 23.6 Debating the Burqa: Protests in London against French Ban of Face Concealment, 2011
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Perspectives on the Iranian Revolution
Voice 23.1 Francis Robinson on Islamic Renewal Movements, from The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World, 1996
Voice 23.2 John Esposito on the Source of the Iranian Revolution, from The Oxford History of Islam, 1999
For Further Study
Glossary
Product Updates
More robust options for building historical thinking skills and measuring progress toward learning outcomes.
- Achieve, Macmillan Learning’s innovative new learning platform, pairs creative new teaching and assessment options with powerful insights into student work, so instructors can do more. Achieve comes loaded with the full-color e-book, the companion source reader, and abundant formative and summative assessments which are all tagged to learning objectives that are aligned with Bloom’s Taxonomy. Drawing on principles of instructional design and popular assignments, Achieve provides customizable pre-built course options and resource filters that help instructors set up their courses with ease, and these courses can be integrated with all major LMS systems. Assignments and activities in Achieve include:
- LearningCurve adaptive quizzing, which is designed to get students to read the text before class;
- reflection activities that invite students to reflect on what they have read in each chapter;
- instructor activity guides that instructors can use in class for either remote or in-person collaborative learning;
- source and feature quizzes;
- research and writing tutorials;
- map quizzes; and
- Building a Historical Argument activities, which enable students to hone their skills in constructing a thesis, identifying evidence to sustain historical arguments, and writing conclusions.
- Robust reports in Achieve give instructors multi-level insights into student progress toward meeting learning objectives as well as how they have progressed on assignments so instructors can give students support where they need it most. Available with training and support, Achieve can help you take your teaching to a new level.
- New primary and secondary sources give fresh options for helping students hone their historical comprehension, empathy, analysis, and interpretation skills. In Chapter 8, the new Working with Evidence feature, "Society during China’s Golden Age," explores the complex social world in Tang and Song China. Likewise, a new "Cultural Encounters in Muslim Spain" feature in Chapter 9 explores the long period of cultural interaction between Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Spain from the eighth century to the sixteenth century. And Chapter 14’s new primary source feature, "Consumption and Culture in the Early Modern World," examines the cultural implications of consumption during the several centuries after 1500, using clothing, tea, porcelain, and coffee as examples. Finally, the new Working with Evidence feature entitled "The Socialist Vision and Its Enemies" in Chapter 17 incorporates documents that illustrate some of the ways that socialism was expressed and contested as it took root in modern Europe. Three new Historians’ Voices illustrate diverse views on China’s economy (Chapter 8), on religious tolerance in Muslim Spain (Chapter 9), and on consumer culture in the early modern world (Chapter 14).
- Thoroughly revised questions accompanying the narrative further students’ critical thinking about history. These questions ask students to actively describe and compare historical developments, contrast civilizations, connect regions and ideas, assess patterns of continuity and change, and more. The most essential of these questions, labeled "Core Ideas," are presented again in the concluding chapter review in the "Revisiting Core Ideas" section.
New "Then and Now" features promote the skill of connecting with the past. Offered once in each part of the book, these essays examine a particular theme in both historical and contemporary settings. Themes include patriarchy, slavery, science, China’s role on the global stage, and more. The skill of connecting with the past is reinforced at the beginning of each chapter through updated vignettes called Connecting Past and Present that illustrate the continuing relevance of the chapter’s material in today’s world.
Narrative updates incorporate the latest scholarship on early humans, environment and disease, the spread of Islam in the Indian Ocean World, and modern science. Updates include:
- Chapter 1: Revised coverage reflecting new dating for the first emergence of Homo sapiens, new evidence of early failed migrations out of Africa and interactions with other hominid species, new thinking on migration into the Americas, new discoveries of cave paintings in Indonesia and bone flutes in Germany, updated coverage of the practice of slavery among gatherers and hunters in Alaska, new evidence of the fragility of many early agricultural communities, and updated population estimates for the Neolithic period.
- Chapter 2: Updated coverage of First Civilizations incorporating new archeological evidence of early trade patterns and recent revisions in the dating of the Indus Valley, Chinese, Oxus, and Nubian civilizations.
- Part 2 opening: New exploration of the reasons for the collapse of First Civilizations, with special emphasis on climate change, environmental degradation, and migrations.
- Chapter 7: Revised discussion of the arrival of Islam in Southeast Asia with expanded coverage of Melaka.
- Chapter 9: New section on Islam’s spread in southern India, especially in the Hindu Vijayanagar empire.
- Chapter 11: Expanded analysis of the long-term impact of the plague on European society, especially the shift toward laborsaving technologies and the revival of slavery in Europe.
- Chapter 13: Updated account of the Little Ice Age.
- Chapter 15: Updated coverage on earlier Chinese and Islamic influences on European science and how the vast flow of knowledge from across the globe impacted the Scientific Revolution in Europe.
- Chapter 17: New exploration of the links between the Industrial Revolution and our current climate crisis.
- Chapter 22: New coverage of how twentieth-century scientific profoundly changed our understanding of the cosmos, impacted contemporary culture, and laid the groundwork for technological innovations that have transformed modern life.
- Chapter 23: New discussion of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of other modern pandemics.
Authors
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Robert W. Strayer
Robert W. Strayer (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin) brings wide experience in world history to the writing of Ways of the World. His teaching career began in Ethiopia where he taught high school world history for two years as part of the Peace Corps. At the university level, he taught African, Soviet, and world history for many years at the State University of New York-College at Brockport, where he received Chancellors Awards for Excellence in Teaching and for Excellence in Scholarship. In 1998 he was visiting professor of world and Soviet history at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand. Since moving to California in 2002, he has taught world history at the University of California, Santa Cruz; California State University, Monterey Bay; and Cabrillo College. He is a long-time member of the World History Association and served on its Executive Committee. He has also participated in various AP® World History gatherings, including two years as a reader. His publications include Kenya: Focus on Nationalism, The Making of Mission Communities in East Africa, The Making of the Modern World, Why Did the Soviet Union Collapse?, and The Communist Experiment.
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Eric W. Nelson
Eric W. Nelson (D.Phil., Oxford University) is a professor of history at Missouri State University. He is an experienced teacher who has won a number of awards, including the Governor’s Award for Teaching Excellence in 2011 and the CASE and Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching Professor of the Year Award for Missouri in 2012. He is currently Faculty Fellow for Engaged Learning, developing new ways to integrate in-class and online teaching environments. His publications include The Legacy of Iconoclasm: Religious War and the Relic Landscape of Tours, Blois and Vendôme, and The Jesuits and the Monarchy: Catholic Reform and Political Authority in France.
Table of Contents
The Combined Volume includes all chapters.
Volume 1 includes Chapters 1-12.
Volume 2 includes Chapters 12-23.
NOTE: Achieve for Ways of the World 5e includes additional activities and assessments for the book content. Along with the interactive e-books for the main text and the companion source reader, Achieve provides quizzes for the source features in the book and the documents in the companion reader, LearningCurve adaptive quizzing, study and writing skills tutorials, and a variety of autograded exercises that help students develop their historical thinking skills. Many of these resources are set up for quick use in the pre-built courses in Achieve, which can be customized easily, and Achieve also allows instructors to create quiz questions and upload their own documents.
Preface
Versions and Supplements
Working with Primary Sources
Prologue: From Cosmic History to Human History
12. THE WORLDS OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
Societies and Cultures of the Fifteenth Century
Paleolithic Persistence: Australia and North America
Agricultural Village Societies: The Igbo and the Iroquois
Pastoral Peoples: Central Asia and West Africa
Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: Comparing China and Europe
Ming Dynasty China
European Comparisons: State Building and Cultural Renewal
European Comparisons: Maritime Voyaging
Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: The Islamic World
In the Islamic Heartland: The Ottoman and Safavid Empires
On the Frontiers of Islam: The Songhay and Mughal Empires
Civilizations of the Fifteenth Century: The Americas
The Aztec Empire
The Inca Empire
Webs of Connection
After 1500: Looking Ahead to the Modern Era
Conclusions and Reflections: Perspectives on Turning Points
Revisiting Chapter 12
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 12
ZOOMING IN: 1453 in Constantinople
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Islam and Renaissance Europe
Source 12.1 Portrait of Mehmed II: Gentile Bellini, Portrait of Mehmed II, ca. 1479
Source 12.2 Machiavelli on the Turkish State: Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince, 1513
Source 12.3 Venetian Trade in the Middle East: The Venetian Ambassador Visits Damascus, 1511
Source 12.4 Greek and Islamic Philosophers in Renaissance Art: Girolamo de Cremona, Aristotle and Averroes, 1483
Source 12.5 A Papal Call for Crusade: Pope Clement VI, Call for Crusade, September 30, 1343
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Christian/Muslim Relations during the Renaissance
Voice 12.1 Jerry Brotton on the Role of Cross-cultural Exchange in the European Renaissance, from The Renaissance Bazaar: From the Silk Road to Michelangelo, 2002
Voice 12.2 Bernard Lewis on Hostility between Christians and Muslims, from Cultures in Conflict: Christians, Muslims and Jews in the Age of Discovery, 1995
PART 4 The Early Modern World, 1450–1750
THE BIG PICTURE Toward Modernity . . . or Not?
Sprouts of Modernity?
Continuing Older Patterns?
LANDMARKS IN WORLD HISTORY (1450–1750)
13. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS: EMPIRES AND ENCOUNTERS, 1450–1750
European Empires in the Americas
The European Advantage
The Great Dying and the Little Ice Age
The Columbian Exchange
Comparing Colonial Societies in the Americas
In the Lands of the Aztecs and the Incas
Colonies of Sugar
Settler Colonies in North America
The Steppes and Siberia: The Making of a Russian Empire
Experiencing the Russian Empire
Russians and Empire
Asian Empires
Making China an Empire
Muslims and Hindus in the Mughal Empire
Muslims and Christians in the Ottoman Empire
Conclusions and Reflections: The Importance of Context
Revisiting Chapter 13
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 13
ZOOMING IN: Doña Marina: Between Two Worlds
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: State Building in the Early Modern Era
Source 13.1 The Memoirs of Emperor Jahangir: Jahangir, Memoirs, 1605–1627
Source 13.2 The Palace of an Ottoman Emperor: A Reception at the Court of Selim III, late 18th Century
Source 13.3 French State Building and Louis XIV
Louis XIV, Memoirs, 1670
Louis XIV in Costume, 1653
Source 13.4 An Outsider’s View of the Inca Empire: Pedro de Cieza de León, Chronicles of the Incas, ca. 1550
Source 13.5 The Temple of Heaven: Beijing, China: The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, ca. 1420
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Early Modern Rulers
Voice 13.1 Charles Parker on Emperor Kangxi of China and Louis XIV of France, from Global Interactions in the Early Modern Age, 1400–1800, 2010
Voice 13.2 John Darwin on Emperor Akbar’s Public Image, from After Tamerlane: The Rise and Fall of Global Empires 1400–2000, 2008
14. ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS: COMMERCE AND CONSEQUENCE, 1450–1750
Europeans and Asian Commerce
A Portuguese Empire of Commerce
Spain and the Philippines
The East India Companies
Asians and Asian Commerce
Silver and Global Commerce
"The World Hunt": Fur in Global Commerce
Commerce in People: The Transatlantic Slave System
The Slave Trade in Context
The Slave Trade in Practice
Consequences: The Impact of the Slave Trade in Africa
Conclusions and Reflections: Global Trade and Moral Complexity
Revisiting Chapter 14
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 14
ZOOMING IN: Ayuba Suleiman Diallo: To Slavery and Back
CONTROVERSIES: Debating the Atlantic World
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Consumption and Culture in the Early Modern World
Source 14.1 Clothing and Status in the Americas: Miguel Cabrera, Detail from a Series on Multiracial Marriages in Mexico, 1763
Source 14.2 Regulating Dress in Europe and Japan
Venetian Law REgulating Dress, 1511
Ihara Saikaku, The Japanese Family Storehouse, 1688
Source 14.3 Tea and Porcelain in Europe: Image of Tea Drinking and Chinese Porcelain Cups, 18th century
Source 14.4 A Critical View of Coffeehouses in the Ottoman Empire: Mustafa Ali, Description of Cairo, 1599
Source 14.5 An Ottoman Coffeehouse: A Gathering of Turkish Men at an Ottoman Coffeehouse, 16th century
Source 14.6 Coffeehouse Culture in England: Thomas Jordan, News from the Coffee-house, 1667
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: On Consumer Culture in the Early Modern World
Voice 14.1 Frank Trentmann on Consumer Culture in the Netherlands and Britain,From Empire of Things: How We Became a World of Consumers, from the Fifteenth Century to the Twenty-First, 2016
Voice 14.2 Anne Gerritsen and Giorgio Riello on the Impacts of Global Consumption and Exchange, From The European World 1500-1800: An Introduction to Early Modern History, 2018
15. CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS: RELIGION AND SCIENCE, 1450–1750
The Globalization of Christianity
Western Christendom Fragmented: The Protestant Reformation
Christianity Outward Bound
Conversion and Adaptation in Spanish America
An Asian Comparison: China and the Jesuits
Persistence and Change in Afro-Asian Cultural Traditions
Expansion and Renewal in the Islamic World
China: New Directions in an Old Tradition
India: Bridging the Hindu/Muslim Divide
A New Way of Thinking: The Birth of Modern Science
The Question of Origins
Science as Cultural Revolution
Science and Enlightenment
European Science beyond the West
Looking Ahead: Science in the Nineteenth Century and Beyond
Conclusions and Reflections: Many Ways of Cultural Borrowing
Revisiting Chapter 15
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 15
ZOOMING IN: Galileo and the Telescope: Reflecting on Science and Religion
THEN AND NOW: Science
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Christianity: Becoming a Global Religion
Source 15.1 Cultural Blending in Andean Christianity: La Virgen del Cerro (Virgin Mary of the Mountains), ca. 1740
Source 15.2 Christianity through Maya Eyes: The Chilam Balam of Chumayel, 18th century
Source 15.3 Making Christianity Chinese: Illustration of the Annunciation, ca. 17th century
Source 15.4 The Chinese Rites Controversy
Papal Decree Banning Chinese Rites, 1715
Decree of Emperor Kangxi, 1721
Source 15.5 Christian Art in the Mughal Empire: Unknown Indian Artist, The Holy Family, early 17th century
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Missions in Mesoamerica and China
Voice 15.1 Merry Wiesner-Hanks on the Virgin of Guadalupe, from A Concise History of the World, 2015
Voice 15.2 Diarmaid MacCulloch on Jesuit Missionary Strategies in China, from Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years, 2009
PART 5 The European Moment in World History, 1750–1900
THE BIG PICTURE European Centrality and the Problem of Eurocentrism
LANDMARKS IN WORLD HISTORY (1750–1900)
16. ATLANTIC REVOLUTIONS, GLOBAL ECHOES, 1750–1900
Atlantic Revolutions in a Global Context
Comparing Atlantic Revolutions
The North American Revolution, 1775–1787
The French Revolution, 1789–1815
The Haitian Revolution, 1791–1804
Latin American Revolutions, 1808–1825
Echoes of Revolution
The Abolition of Slavery
Nations and Nationalism
Feminist Beginnings
Conclusions and Reflections: Pondering the Outcomes of Revolutions
Revisiting Chapter 16
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 16
ZOOMING IN: Kartini: Feminism and Nationalism in Java
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Opponents of the Atlantic Revolutions
Source 16.1 A New York Clergyman’s Criticism of the Continental Congress: Samuel Seabury, Letter of a Westchester Farmer, 1774
Source 16.2 A British Conservative’s Critique of the Universal Rights of Man: Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France, 1790
Source 16.3 An English Cartoon’s Reaction to Revolutionary Violence: Hell Broke Loose, or, The Murder of Louis, 1793
Source 16.4 The French National Assembly and Slavery: Decree and Explanation of the French National Assembly, May 15 and 29, 1791
Source 16.5 Imagining Women’s Suffrage: An Inauguration of the Future, 1897
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: How the French Revolution Went Wrong
Voice 16.1 Tocqueville on the Course of the French Revolution, from The Old Regime and the Revolution, 1856
Voice 16.2 Hippolyte Taine on the Failure of the Early Years of the Revolution and the Rise of the Radical Revolution, from The French Revolution, 1881
17. REVOLUTIONS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION, 1750–1900
Industrialization: The Global Context
The First Industrial Society
The British Aristocracy
The Middle Classes
The Laboring Classes
Social Protest
Europeans in Motion
Variations on a Theme: Industrialization in the United States and Russia
The United States: Industrialization without Socialism
Russia: Industrialization and Revolution
The Industrial Revolution and Latin America in the Nineteenth Century
After Independence in Latin America
Facing the World Economy
Becoming like Europe?
Conclusions and Reflections: Reflecting on the Industrial Revolution
Revisiting Chapter 17
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 17
CONTROVERSIES: Debating "Why Europe?"
ZOOMING IN: The English Luddites and Machine Breaking
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: The Socialist Vision and Its Enemies
Source 17.1 Socialism According to Marx: Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 1848
Source 17.2 Socialism without Revolution: Eduard Bernstein, Evolutionary Socialism, 1899
Source 17.3 Socialist Perspectives in Art: The Present and the Future
Industrial Workers of the World, A Pyramid of Capitalist Society, 1911
Manifest of International Trade Union Congress, 1896
Source 17.4 Socialism in Song: Eugène Pottier, The Internationale, 1871
Source 17.5 British Poster Depicting the Socialist Threat: Conservative Party, Socialism Throttling the Country, 1909
Source 17.6 Outlawing Socialism in Germany: Law against the Publicly Dangerous Endeavors of Social Democracy, 1878
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: The Legacy of Karl Marx in the Twenty-First Century
Voice 17.1 Allan Todd on Marx and Current History, from The Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Russia, 2016
Voice 17.2 Terry Eagleton on the Continuing Relevance of Marx, from Why Marx Was Right, 2011
18. COLONIAL ENCOUNTERS IN ASIA, AFRICA, AND OCEANIA, 1750–1950
Industry and Empire
A Second Wave of European Conquests
Under European Rule
Cooperation and Rebellion
Colonial Empires with a Difference
Ways of Working: Comparing Colonial Economies
Economies of Coercion: Forced Labor and the Power of the State
Economies of Cash-Crop Agriculture: The Pull of the Market
Economies of Wage Labor: Migration for Work
Women and the Colonial Economy: Examples from Africa
Assessing Colonial Development
Believing and Belonging: Identity and Cultural Change
Education
Religion
"Race" and "Tribe"
Conclusions and Reflections: Who Makes History?
Revisiting Chapter 18
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 18
ZOOMING IN: Vivekananda, a Hindu Monk in America
THEN AND NOW: Imperialism
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Colonial Conquest: The Scramble for Africa
Source 18.1 Competition and Conquest: Charles Tichon, Commandant Marchand across Africa, 1900
Source 18.2 "Pacification" in East Africa: Richard Meinertzhagen, A Small Slaughter, 1902
Source 18.3 From Cape to Cairo: The Rhodes Colossus, 1892
Source 18.4 Ethiopia and the Scramble for Africa
Menelik II, Letter to the European Great Powers, 1891
Menelik II, Mobilization Proclamation, 1895
Source 18.5 Empire Building in North Africa: British and French in North Africa, ca. 1910
Source 18.6 An African American Voice on the Scramble for Africa: W. E. B. DuBois, The African Roots of War, 1915
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: The Invasion of Africa
Voice 18.1 Thomas Pakenham on European Motivations, from The Scramble for Africa, 1992
Voice 18.2 A. Adu Boahen on African Strategies, from African Perspectives on Colonialism, 1987
19. EMPIRES IN COLLISION: EUROPE, THE MIDDLE EAST, AND EAST ASIA, 1800–1900
Reversal of Fortune: China’s Century of Crisis
The Crisis Within
Western Pressures
The Failure of Conservative Modernization
The Ottoman Empire and the West in the Nineteenth Century
"The Sick Man of Europe"
Reform and Its Opponents
Outcomes: Comparing China and the Ottoman Empire
The Japanese Difference: The Rise of a New East Asian Power
The Tokugawa Background
American Intrusion and the Meiji Restoration
Modernization Japanese-Style
Japan and the World
Conclusions and Reflections: Success and Failure in History
Revisiting Chapter 19
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 19
ZOOMING IN: Lin Zexu: Confronting the Opium Trade
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: China: On the Brink of Change
Source 19.1 Toward a Constitutional Monarchy: Kang Youwei, An Appeal to Emperor Guangxu, 1898
Source 19.2 Resistance to Change: Conservative Reactions after the Sino-Japanese War, late 19th-early 20th century
Source 19.3 Gender, Reform, and Revolution: Qiu Jin, Address to Two Hundred Million Fellow Countrywomen, 1904
Source 19.4 Cutting the Queue: The Modernization of China, 1911
Source 19.5 Toward Revolution: Wang Jingwei, We Want a Republic, Not a Constitutional Monarchy, April 25, 1910
Source 19.6 The Chinese Revolution of 1911: About the Insurrectional Movement in China, 1911
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: The Sino-Japanese War of 1894–1895
Voice 19.1 David and Yurong Atwill on the Significance of the War for China, from Sources in Chinese History, 2010
Voice 19.2 James L. Huffman on the Significance of the War for Japan, from Japan in World History, 2010
PART 6 The Long Twentieth Century, 1900–present
THE BIG PICTURE The Long Twentieth Century: A New Period in World History?
LANDMARKS IN WORLD HISTORY (1900–present)
20. WAR AND REVOLUTION, 1900–1950
The First World War: A European Crisis with a Global Impact, 1914–1918
Origins: The Beginnings of the Great War
Outcomes: Legacies of the Great War
The Russian Revolution and Soviet Communism
Capitalism Unraveling: The Great Depression
Democracy Denied: The Authoritarian Alternative
European Fascism
Hitler and the Nazis
Japanese Authoritarianism
A Second World War, 1937–1945
The Road to War in Asia
The Road to War in Europe
Consequences: The Outcomes of a Second Global Conflict
Communist Consolidation and Expansion: The Chinese Revolution
Conclusions and Reflections: Historical Intersections and Their Implications
Revisiting Chapter 20
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 20
ZOOMING IN: Hiroshima
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Ideologies of the Axis Powers
Source 20.1 Italian Fascism: Creating a New Roman Empire: School Exercise Book Celebrating Italy’s Victory over Ethiopia, 1937
Source 20.2 Hitler on Nazism: Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf (My Struggle), 1925–1926
Source 20.3 Nazi Anti-Semitism: H. Schluter, Der Ewige Jude (The Eternal Jew), 1937
Source 20.4 The Japanese Way: Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan, 1937
Source 20.5 Japanese Imperialism: Japanese Propaganda Poster of Manchuria under Japanese Occupation, 1933
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Anti-Semitism
Voice 20.1 Beth A. Griech-Polelle on Anti-Semitism Creating "Otherness," from Anti-Semitism and the Holocaust, 2017
Voice 20.2 Christopher Browning on Why Many Ordinary Germans Tacitly Supported Nazi Anti-Semitic Policies, From The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, September 1939 – March 1942, 2004
21. A CHANGING GLOBAL LANDSCAPE, 1950–PRESENT
Recovering from the War
Communism Chinese-Style
Building a Modern Society
Eliminating Enemies
East versus West: A Global Divide and a Cold War
Military Conflict and the Cold War
Nuclear Standoff and Third-World Rivalry
The Cold War and the Superpowers
Toward Freedom: Struggles for Independence
The End of Empire in World History
Toward Independence in Asia and Africa
After Freedom
The End of the Communist Era
Beyond Mao in China
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
After Communism
Conclusions and Reflections: Twentieth-Century Communism
Revisiting Chapter 21
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 21
ZOOMING IN: Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Mao’s China
Source 21.1 Revolution in Long Bow Village: William Hinton, Confronting Landlords and Husbands, 1948
Source 21.2 A Vision of the New China: Poster "Work Hard for a New Age," 1970s
Source 21.3 Socialism in the Countryside
Mao Zedong, On Communes, 1958
Poster: "The People’s Communes Are Good," 1958
Source 21.4 Women, Nature, and Industrialization: Poster "Women Hold Up Half of Heaven," 1970
Source 21.5 The Cult of Mao: Poster "Chairman Mao and Us Together," 1968
Source 21.6 Experiencing the Cultural Revolution: Gao Yuan, Born Red, 1987
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Assessing Mao
Voice 21.1 Maurice Meisner on Mao, Modernization, and Socialism, from Mao’s China and After, 1999
Voice 21.2 Frank Dikotter on Mao’s Great Famine, from Mao’s Great Famine, 2011
22. GLOBAL PROCESSES: TECHNOLOGY, ECONOMY, AND SOCIETY, 1900–PRESENT
Science and Technology: The Acceleration of Innovation
A Second Scientific Revolution
Fossil Fuel Breakthroughs
Transportation Breakthroughs
Communication and Information Breakthroughs
Military Weapons Breakthroughs
The Global Economy: The Acceleration of Entanglement
Industrial Globalization: Development in the Global South
Economic Globalization: Deepening Connections
Growth, Instability, and Inequality
Pushback: Resistance to Economic Globalization
Producing and Consuming: The Shapes of Modern Societies
Life on the Land: The Decline of the Peasantry
The Changing Lives of Industrial Workers
The Service Sector and the Informal Economy
Global Middle Classes and Life at the Top
Getting Personal: Transformations of Private Life
Modernity and Personal Life
The State and Personal Life
Feminism and Personal Life
Conclusions and Reflections: On Contemporary History
Revisiting Chapter 22
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 22
CONTROVERSIES: Debating Globalization
ZOOMING IN: Anna Dubova, a Russian Woman, and the Soviet State
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Global Feminism
Source 22.1 Western Feminism in the Twenty-First Century
A Slutwalk Protest in London, 2012
A Demonstration for Women Workers’ Rights in Toulouse, France, 2017
Source 22.2 Black American Feminism: Combahee River Collective, A Black Feminist Statement, 1977
Source 22.3 Communist Feminism: Soviet Poster Advertising Support for Women Workers, 1949
Source 22.4 Islamic Feminism: Benazir Bhutto, Politics and the Muslim Woman, 1995
Source 22.5 Mexican Zapatista Feminists
Indigenous Women’s Petition, March 1, 1994
The Women’s Revolutionary Law, January 1, 1994
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Feminism: Tensions and Resistance
Voice 22.1 Merry Wiesner-Hanks on International Feminism, from Gender in History: Global Perspectives, 2011
Voice 22.2 Peter Stearns on Resistance to Global Feminism, from Gender in World History, 2015
23. GLOBAL PROCESSES: DEMOGRAPHY, CULTURE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT, 1900–PRESENT
More People: Quadrupling Human Numbers
People in Motion: Patterns of Migration
To the Cities: Global Urbanization
Moving Abroad: Long-Distance Migration
Microbes in Motion: Disease and Recent History
Cultural Identity in an Entangled World
Race, Nation, and Ethnicity
Popular Culture on the Move
Religion and Global Modernity
The Environment in the Anthropocene Era
The Global Environment Transformed
Changing the Climate
Protecting the Planet: The Rise of Environmentalism
Conclusions and Reflections: World History and the Making of Meaning
Revisiting Chapter 23
Revisiting Specifics
Revisiting Core Ideas
A Wider View
Landmarks for Chapter 23
ZOOMING IN: Barbie and Her Competitors in the Muslim World
THEN AND NOW: Humanity and Nature
WORKING WITH EVIDENCE: Contending for Islam
Source 23.1 A Secular State for an Islamic Society: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Speech to the General Congress of the Republican Party, 1927
Source 23.2 Toward an Islamic Society: The Muslim Brotherhood, Toward the Light, 1936
Source 23.3 Two Images of Islamic Radicalism
The Violent Face of Islamic Radicalism, 2015
The Peaceful Face of Islamic Radicalism, 2015
Source 23.4 The Sufi Alternative: Narendra Modi, Sufism and Islamic Radicalism, 2016
Source 23.5 Progressive Islam: Kabir Helminski, Islam and Human Values, 2009
Source 23.6 Debating the Burqa: Protests in London against French Ban of Face Concealment, 2011
HISTORIANS’ VOICES: Perspectives on the Iranian Revolution
Voice 23.1 Francis Robinson on Islamic Renewal Movements, from The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Islamic World, 1996
Voice 23.2 John Esposito on the Source of the Iranian Revolution, from The Oxford History of Islam, 1999
For Further Study
Glossary
Product Updates
More robust options for building historical thinking skills and measuring progress toward learning outcomes.
- Achieve, Macmillan Learning’s innovative new learning platform, pairs creative new teaching and assessment options with powerful insights into student work, so instructors can do more. Achieve comes loaded with the full-color e-book, the companion source reader, and abundant formative and summative assessments which are all tagged to learning objectives that are aligned with Bloom’s Taxonomy. Drawing on principles of instructional design and popular assignments, Achieve provides customizable pre-built course options and resource filters that help instructors set up their courses with ease, and these courses can be integrated with all major LMS systems. Assignments and activities in Achieve include:
- LearningCurve adaptive quizzing, which is designed to get students to read the text before class;
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- source and feature quizzes;
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- Building a Historical Argument activities, which enable students to hone their skills in constructing a thesis, identifying evidence to sustain historical arguments, and writing conclusions.
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- New primary and secondary sources give fresh options for helping students hone their historical comprehension, empathy, analysis, and interpretation skills. In Chapter 8, the new Working with Evidence feature, "Society during China’s Golden Age," explores the complex social world in Tang and Song China. Likewise, a new "Cultural Encounters in Muslim Spain" feature in Chapter 9 explores the long period of cultural interaction between Muslims, Christians, and Jews in Spain from the eighth century to the sixteenth century. And Chapter 14’s new primary source feature, "Consumption and Culture in the Early Modern World," examines the cultural implications of consumption during the several centuries after 1500, using clothing, tea, porcelain, and coffee as examples. Finally, the new Working with Evidence feature entitled "The Socialist Vision and Its Enemies" in Chapter 17 incorporates documents that illustrate some of the ways that socialism was expressed and contested as it took root in modern Europe. Three new Historians’ Voices illustrate diverse views on China’s economy (Chapter 8), on religious tolerance in Muslim Spain (Chapter 9), and on consumer culture in the early modern world (Chapter 14).
- Thoroughly revised questions accompanying the narrative further students’ critical thinking about history. These questions ask students to actively describe and compare historical developments, contrast civilizations, connect regions and ideas, assess patterns of continuity and change, and more. The most essential of these questions, labeled "Core Ideas," are presented again in the concluding chapter review in the "Revisiting Core Ideas" section.
New "Then and Now" features promote the skill of connecting with the past. Offered once in each part of the book, these essays examine a particular theme in both historical and contemporary settings. Themes include patriarchy, slavery, science, China’s role on the global stage, and more. The skill of connecting with the past is reinforced at the beginning of each chapter through updated vignettes called Connecting Past and Present that illustrate the continuing relevance of the chapter’s material in today’s world.
Narrative updates incorporate the latest scholarship on early humans, environment and disease, the spread of Islam in the Indian Ocean World, and modern science. Updates include:
- Chapter 1: Revised coverage reflecting new dating for the first emergence of Homo sapiens, new evidence of early failed migrations out of Africa and interactions with other hominid species, new thinking on migration into the Americas, new discoveries of cave paintings in Indonesia and bone flutes in Germany, updated coverage of the practice of slavery among gatherers and hunters in Alaska, new evidence of the fragility of many early agricultural communities, and updated population estimates for the Neolithic period.
- Chapter 2: Updated coverage of First Civilizations incorporating new archeological evidence of early trade patterns and recent revisions in the dating of the Indus Valley, Chinese, Oxus, and Nubian civilizations.
- Part 2 opening: New exploration of the reasons for the collapse of First Civilizations, with special emphasis on climate change, environmental degradation, and migrations.
- Chapter 7: Revised discussion of the arrival of Islam in Southeast Asia with expanded coverage of Melaka.
- Chapter 9: New section on Islam’s spread in southern India, especially in the Hindu Vijayanagar empire.
- Chapter 11: Expanded analysis of the long-term impact of the plague on European society, especially the shift toward laborsaving technologies and the revival of slavery in Europe.
- Chapter 13: Updated account of the Little Ice Age.
- Chapter 15: Updated coverage on earlier Chinese and Islamic influences on European science and how the vast flow of knowledge from across the globe impacted the Scientific Revolution in Europe.
- Chapter 17: New exploration of the links between the Industrial Revolution and our current climate crisis.
- Chapter 22: New coverage of how twentieth-century scientific profoundly changed our understanding of the cosmos, impacted contemporary culture, and laid the groundwork for technological innovations that have transformed modern life.
- Chapter 23: New discussion of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of other modern pandemics.
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Sometimes also referred to as a spiral-bound or binder-ready textbook, loose-leaf textbooks are available to purchase. This three-hole punched, unbound version of the book costs less than a hardcover or paperback book.
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Achieve (full course) includes our complete e-book, as well as online quizzing tools, multimedia assets, and iClicker active classroom manager.
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Achieve (full course) includes our complete e-book, as well as online quizzing tools, multimedia assets, and iClicker active classroom manager.
Achieve Read & Practice only includes our e-book and adaptive quizzing, and does not include instructor resources and assignable assessments. Read & Practice does integrate with LMS.
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We can help! Contact your representative to discuss your specific needs for your course. If our off-the-shelf course materials don’t quite hit the mark, we also offer custom solutions made to fit your needs.
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ISBN:9781319397852
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ISBN:9781319331146
Read and study old-school with our bound texts.
ISBN:9781319481766
This package includes Achieve and Paperback.
FAQs
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Are you a campus bookstore looking for ordering information?
MPS Order Search Tool (MOST) is a web-based purchase order tracking program that allows customers to view and track their purchases. No registration or special codes needed! Just enter your BILL-TO ACCT # and your ZIP CODE to track orders.
Canadian Stores: Please use only the first five digits/letters in your zip code on MOST.
Visit MOST, our online ordering system for booksellers: https://tracking.mpsvirginia.com/Login.aspx
Learn more about our Bookstore programs here: https://www.macmillanlearning.com/college/us/contact-us/booksellers
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Our courses currently integrate with Canvas, Blackboard (Learn and Ultra), Brightspace, D2L, and Moodle. Click on the support documentation below to find out more details about the integration with each LMS.
Integrate Macmillan courses with Blackboard
Integrate Macmillan courses with Canvas
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If you’re a verified instructor, you can request a free sample of our courseware, e-book, or print textbook to consider for use in your courses. Only registered and verified instructors can receive free print and digital samples, and they should not be sold to bookstores or book resellers. If you don't yet have an existing account with Macmillan Learning, it can take up to two business days to verify your status as an instructor. You can request a free sample from the right side of this product page by clicking on the "Request Instructor Sample" button or by contacting your rep. Learn more.
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-
-
Sometimes also referred to as a spiral-bound or binder-ready textbook, loose-leaf textbooks are available to purchase. This three-hole punched, unbound version of the book costs less than a hardcover or paperback book.
-
-
-
Achieve (full course) includes our complete e-book, as well as online quizzing tools, multimedia assets, and iClicker active classroom manager.
Most Achieve Essentials courses do not include our e-books and adaptive quizzing.
Visit our comparison table for details: https://www.macmillanlearning.com/college/us/digital/achieve/compare
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-
-
Achieve (full course) includes our complete e-book, as well as online quizzing tools, multimedia assets, and iClicker active classroom manager.
Achieve Read & Practice only includes our e-book and adaptive quizzing, and does not include instructor resources and assignable assessments. Read & Practice does integrate with LMS.
Visit our comparison table for details: https://www.macmillanlearning.com/college/us/digital/achieve/compare
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We can help! Contact your representative to discuss your specific needs for your course. If our off-the-shelf course materials don’t quite hit the mark, we also offer custom solutions made to fit your needs.
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Ways of the World with Sources, Volume 2
A global narrative with built-in reader that explores broad patterns and nurtures skill development
Praised for its big picture synthesis that helps students discern patterns and variations on both global and regional levels, Ways of the World provides a brief-by-design narrative in a 2-in-1 textbook and reader format available in Achieve, Macmillan’s breakthrough complete course platform, and in print volumes. With a unique personal touch, the authors guide students to consider continuity and change over time as well as interrogate primary and secondary source evidence the way historians do. The new edition has been revised to further foster the development of historical thinking skills, with fresh formative and summative assessments only possible in Achieve. With a wealth of additional primary and secondary sources plus robust insight reports at the ready, Achieve offers the easiest way to engage students, help them build higher-level thinking skills, and tailor teaching to student needs, whether the course is taught online or in person. Achieve can be adopted on its own or in a package with the print book.
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