The Combined Volume includes all chapters.
Volume 1 includes Chapters 1-14.
Volume 2 includes Chapters 14-29.

NOTE: Achieve for Exploring American Histories, 4e includes additional activities and assessments for the book content. Along with the interactive e-books for the main text and the companion source reader, Achieve provides quizzes for the source features in the book and the documents in the companion reader, LearningCurve adaptive quizzing, and a variety of autograded exercises that help students develop their historical thinking skills. Many of these resources are set up for quick use in the pre-built courses in Achieve, which can be customized easily, and Achieve also allows instructors to create quiz questions and upload their own documents.

 

Preface
Versions and Supplements
Maps, Figures, and Tables
How to Use This Book

Chapter 1

Mapping Global Frontiers, to 1590

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Malintzin and Martin Waldseemüller

Native Peoples in the Americas

Native Peoples Develop Diverse Cultures

The Aztecs, the Maya, and the Incas

Native Cultures to the North

Europe Expands Its Reach

The Mediterranean World

Portugal Pursues Long-Distance Trade

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 1.1 Martin Waldseemüller and Mathias Ringmann, Universalis Cosmographia, 1507

European Encounters with West Africa

Worlds Collide

Europeans Cross the Atlantic

Europeans Explore the Americas

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Who Are These Native People?

Source 1.2 Christopher Columbus, Description of His First Encounter with Indians, 1492

Source 1.3 Antonio Pigafetta, Journal, 1521

Mapmaking and Printing

The Columbian Exchange

Europeans Make Claims to North America

Spaniards Conquer Indian Empires

Spanish Adventurers Head North

Europeans Compete in North America

Spain Seeks Dominion in Europe and the Americas

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Indians in the New Spanish Empire

Source 1.4 Camilla Townsend, An Indian Woman Aids in the Conquest of Mexico, 2006

Source 1.5 Jane E. Mangan, Indians Seek to Benefit from Spanish Conquest, 2005

Conclusion: A Transformed America

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 1

Indian and Spanish Encounters in the Americas, 1519–1530

Source 1.6 Hernán Cortés, Letter to King Charles I, 1520 | Source 1.7 Aztec Priests, Respond to the Spanish, 1524 | Source 1.8 Hernán Cortés and Malintzin Meet Montezuma at Tenochtitlán, 1519 | Source 1.9 Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, La Relación, c. 1528

 

Chapter 2

Colonization and Conflicts, 1580–1680

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Powhatan and Anne Hutchinson

Religious, Economic, and Imperial Transformations

The Protestant Reformation

Spain’s Global Empire Declines

France Enters the Race for Empire

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 2.1 A French Nun Reports a Huron Woman’s View of the Jesuits, 1640

The Dutch Expand into North America

The English Seek an Empire

The English Establish Jamestown

Tobacco Fuels Growth in Virginia

Expansion, Rebellion, and the Emergence of Slavery

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Indentured Servants In the Chesapeake

Source 2.2 Sarah Tailer Charges Captain and Mrs. Thomas Bradnox with Abuse, 1659 Source 2.3 Report of a Committee of the Assembly Concerning the Freedom of Elizabeth Key, 1656

The English Compete for West Indies Possessions

Pilgrims and Puritans Settle New England

Pilgrims Arrive in Massachusetts

The Puritan Migration

The Puritan Worldview

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Colonial Models of and for English Society

Source 2.4 Jack P. Greene, The Chesapeake as a Model of and For English Society, 1988

Source 2.5 Alan Taylor, New England Puritans Develop Anglo-American Ideals, 2001

Dissenters Challenge Puritan Authority

Wars in Old and New England

Conclusion: European Empires in North America

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 2

King Philip’s War

Source 2.6 William Nahaton, Petition to Free an Indian Slave, 1675 | Source 2.7 Benjamin Church, A Visit with Awashonks, Sachem of the Sakonnet,1716 | Source 2.8 John Easton, A Relation of the Indian War, 1675 | Source 2.9 Edward Randolph, Report on the War, 1676 | Source 2.10 Mary Rowlandson, Narrative of Captivity, 1682

 

Chapter 3

Colonial America amid Global Change, 1680–1754

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

William Moraley Jr. and Eliza Lucas

Europeans Expand Their Claims

English Colonies Grow and Multiply

The Pueblo Revolt and Spain’s Fragile Empire

France Seeks Land and Control

European Wars and American Consequences

Colonial Conflicts and Indian Alliances

Indians Resist European Encroachment

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 3.1 The Tuscarora Appeal to the Pennsylvania Government, 1710

Conflicts on the Southern Frontier

The Benefits and Costs of Empire

Colonial Traders Join Global Networks

Imperial Policies Focus on Profits

The Atlantic Slave Trade

Seaport Cities and Consumer Cultures

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Middle Passage

Source 3.2 Plan of a Slave Ship, 1794

Source 3.3 The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, 1789

Labor in North America

Finding Work in the Colonies

Coping with Economic Distress

Rural Americans Face Changing Conditions

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Individualism and Community in Colonial North America

Source 3.4 James T. Lemon, Individualism Flourishes in Pennsvylvania , 1972

Source 3.5 James A. Henretta, Ethnic and Religious Bonds Foster Community, 1978

Slavery Takes Hold in the South

Africans Resist Their Enslavement

Conclusion: Changing Fortunes in British North America

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 3

Tobacco and Slaves

Source 3.6 Virginia Slave Laws, 1662 and 1667 | Source 3.7 Joseph Ball Instructs His Nephew on Managing Enslaved Workers, 1743 | Source 3.8 Penny Print of Enslaved Blacks and Plantation Owner, c. 1750 | Source 3.9 Richard Corbin Describes How to Become a Successful Planter, 1759 | Source 3.10 Lieutenant Governor William Gooch to the Board of Trade, London, 1729

 

Chapter 4

Religious Strife and Social Upheavals, 1680–1750

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Gilbert Tennent and Sarah Grosvenor

An Ungodly Society?

The Rise of Religious Anxieties

Cries of Witchcraft

Family and Household Dynamics

Women’s Changing Status

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 4.1 Abigail Faulkner Appeals Her Conviction for Witchcraft, 1692

Working Families

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Elite Women’s Lives in the North American Colonies

Source 4.2 Isaac Royall and His Family, 1741

Source 4.3 Eliza Lucas, Letter to Miss Bartlett, London, c. 1742

Reproduction and Women’s Roles

The Limits of Patriarchal Order

Diversity and Competition in Colonial Society

Population Growth and Economic Competition

Increasing Diversity

Expansion and Conflict

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Finding a Middle Ground in New France

Source 4.4 Richard White, Cultural Accommodation on the Middle Ground, 1991

Source 4.5 Brett Rushforth, Indian Slavery and Accommodation, 2014

Religious Awakenings

The Roots of the Great Awakening

An Outburst of Revivals

Religious Dissension

Political Awakenings

Changing Political Relations

Dissent and Protest

Transforming Urban Politics

Conclusion: A Divided Society

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 4

Awakening Religious Tensions

Source 4.6 Benjamin Franklin, On George Whitefield, the Great Revivalist, 1739 | Source 4.7 Jonathan Edwards, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, 1741 | Source 4.8 Newspaper Report on James Davenport, 1743 | Source 4.9 George Whitefield Preaching, c. 1760 | Source 4.10 Sarah Osborn, Letter to Reverend Joseph Fish, February 28, 1767

 

Chapter 5

War and Empire, 1754–1774

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

George Washington and Pontiac

Imperial Conflicts and Indian Wars, 1754–1763

The Opening Battles

A Shift to Global War

The Costs of Victory

Battles and Boundaries on the Frontier

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 5.1 Minavavana, Speech to Fur Trader Alexander Henry, 1761

Conflicts over Land and Labor Escalate

Postwar British Policies and Colonial Unity

Common Grievances

Forging Ties across the Colonies

Great Britain Seeks Greater Control

Resistance to Britain Intensifies

The Stamp Act Inspires Coordinated Resistance

The Townshend Act

The Boston Massacre

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Protesting the Stamp Act

Source 5.2 London Merchants Petition to Repeal the Stamp Act, 1766

Source 5.3 The Repeal, 1766

Continuing Conflicts at Home

Tea and Widening Resistance

The Continental Congress and Colonial Unity

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Colonial Identities in Eighteenth Century British North America

Source 5.4 Gordon Wood, Britain’s Influence on Colonial Identities, 1993

Source 5.5 Jon Butler, American Influences on Colonial Identities, 2000

Conclusion: Liberty within Empire

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 5

The Boston Massacre

Source 5.6 Deposition of William Wyatt, March 7, 1770 | Source 5.7 Account of Boston Massacre Funeral Procession, March 12, 1770 | Source 5.8 Paul Revere, Etching of the Boston Massacre, 1770 | Source 5.9 Account of Captain Thomas Preston, June 25, 1770 | Source 5.10 John Adams, Defense of the British Soldiers at Trial, October 1770

 

Chapter 6

The American Revolution, 1775–1783

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Thomas Paine and Elizabeth Freeman

The Question of Independence

Armed Conflict Erupts

Building a Continental Army

Reasons for Caution and for Action

Declaring Independence

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 6.1 Thomas Paine, Common Sense, January 1776

Choosing Sides

Recruiting Supporters

Choosing Neutrality

Committing to Independence

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

African Americans in New York City Amid the Upheavals of 1776

Source 6.2 Slaves Destroy Statue of King George III in New York City, 1776

Source 6.3 A Fire Burns British-Occupied New York City, September 1776

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Americans Decide to Revolt against British Rule

Source 6.4 Bernard Bailyn, The Importance of Ideas, 1967

Source 6.5 Timothy H. Breen, Insurgents Mobilize, 2010

Fighting for Independence, 1776–1777

British Troops Gain Early Victories

Patriots Prevail in New Jersey

A Critical Year of Warfare

Patriots Gain Critical Assistance

Surviving on the Home Front

Governing in Revolutionary Times

Colonies Become States

Patriots Divide over Slavery

France Allies with the Patriots

Raising Armies and Funds

Indian and Patriots Battle for Land

Conflicts Escalate on the Frontier

Winning the War and the Peace, 1778–1783

War Rages in the South

An Uncertain Peace

A Surprising Victory

Conclusion: Legacies of the Revolution

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 6

Women in the Revolution

Source 6.6 Christian Barnes, Letter to Elizabeth Inman, April 29, 1775 | Source 6.7 Abigail Adams, Letter to John Adams, March 31, 1776 | Source 6.8 Mary Brant, Letter to Capt. Daniel Claus, Montreal, 5 October 1779 | Source 6.9 Esther De Berdt Reed, The Sentiments of an American Woman, 1780 | Source 6.10 Elizabeth "Mum Bett" Freeman, 1811

 

Chapter 7

Forging a New Nation, 1783–1800

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Daniel Shays and Alexander Hamilton

Financial, Frontier, and Foreign Problems

Continental Officers Threaten Confederation

Indians, Land, and the Northwest Ordinance

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 7.1 United Indian Nations Council, Message to Congress, 1786

Depression and Debt

On the Political Margins

Separating Church and State

African Americans Struggle for Rights

Women Seek Wider Roles

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Women and Free Blacks Claim Rights in the Nation

Source 7.2 Judith Sargent Murray, On the Equality of the Sexes, 1790

Source 7.3 Petition from Free Blacks of Charleston, 1791

Indebted Farmers Fuel Political Crises

Reframing the American Government

The Constitutional Convention of 1787

Americans Battle over Ratification

Organizing the Federal Government

Hamilton Forges an Economic Agenda

Years of Crisis, 1792–1796

Foreign Trade and Foreign Wars

Disease and Dissent

Further Conflicts on the Frontier

The First Party System

The Adams Presidency

The Election of 1800

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Partisan Campaigning in the Election of 1800

Source 7.4 Eric Burns, Federalists Attack Thomas Jefferson, 2006

Source 7.5 John Ferling, Democratic-Republicans Attack John Adams, 2013

Conclusion: A Young Nation Comes of Age

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 7

Debating the Constitution in New York State

Source 7.6 James Madison, Federalist 10, The Union as a Safeguard Against Domestic Faction and Insurrection, November 1787 | Source 7.7 Melancton Smith, Antifederalist Argument at the New York State Convention, June 1788 | Source 7.8 Alexander Hamilton, Federalist Argument at the New York State Convention, June 1788 | Source 7.9 John Williams, Antifederalist Argument at the New York State Convention, June 1788 | Source 7.10 The Eleventh Pillar of the Great National Dome, 1788

 

Chapter 8

The Early Republic, 1790–1820

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Parker Cleaveland and Sacagawea

The Dilemmas of National Identity

Education for a New Nation

Literary and Cultural Developments

Religious Renewal

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 8.1 Samuel Jennings, Liberty Displaying the Arts and Sciences, 1792

The Racial Limits of "American" Culture

A New Capital for a New Nation

Extending Federal Power

A New Administration Faces Challenges

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

White Responses to Black Rebellion

Source 8.2 Thomas Jefferson, Letter to U.S. Minister to Great Britain Rufus King, July 1802

Source 8.3 Leonora Sansay, Letter to Aaron Burr, November 1802

The Louisiana Territory and Indian Societies

The Supreme Court Extends Its Reach

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Religion and Politics in the Early Republic

Source 8.4 Nathan O. Hatch, Religion as a Democratizing Force, 1989

Source 8.5 Amanda Porterfield, Religion Sows Doubt and Nurtures Partisanship, 2012

Democratic-Republicans Expand Federal Powers

Remaking America’s Economic Character

Native Lands and American Migrations

Technology Reshapes Agriculture and Industry

Transforming Domestic Production

Technology, Cotton, and Slaves

Conclusion: New Identities and New Challenges

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 8

The Corps of Discovery: Paeans to Peace and Instruments of War

Source 8.6 William Clark, Journal, October 12, 1804 | Source 8.7 Charles McKenzie, Narrative of a Fur Trader, November 1804 | Source 8.8 William Clark, Journal, November 18, 1804 | Source 8.9 William Clark, Journal, January 28, 1805, and Meriwether Lewis, February 1, 1805 | Source 8.10 Meriwether Lewis, Journal, August 20, 1805

 

Chapter 9

Defending and Redefining the Nation, 1809–1832

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Dolley Madison and John Ross

Conflicts at Home and Abroad

Tensions at Sea and on the Frontier

War with Britain and their Indian Allies

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 9.1 Tecumseh, Speech to William Henry Harrison, 1810

National Expansion and Regional Economies

Governments Fuel Economic Growth

Americans Expand the Nation’s Borders

Regional Economic Development

Economic and Political Crises

The Panic of 1819

Slavery in Missouri

The Expansion and Limits of American Democracy

Expanding Voting Rights

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Protesting the Missouri Compromise

Source 9.2 Timothy Claimright, Maine Not to be Coupled with the Missouri Question, 1820 Source 9.3 Thomas Jefferson, Letter to John Holmes, 1820

Racist Restrictions and Racial Violence

Political Realignments

The Presidential Election of 1828

Jacksonian Politics in Action

A Democratic Spirit?

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Expanding American Democracy for Whom?

Source 9.4 Alexander Keyssar, Broadening the Franchise, 2000

Source 9.5 James Oliver Horton and Lois E. Horton, The Limits of Democratic Expansion, 1997

Confrontations over Tariffs and the Bank

Contesting Indian Removal

Conclusion: The Nation Faces New Challenges

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 9

The Cherokee Engage White America

Source 9.6 Women’s Petition to the Cherokee National Council, June 30, 1818 | Source 9.7 Sequoyah’s Cherokee Syllabary, 1821 | Source 9.8 Cherokee Constitution, 1827 | Source 9.9 Nancy Reese, Letter to Reverend Fayette Shepherd, December 25, 1828 | Source 9.10 John Ross, On the Treaty of New Echota, 1836

 

Chapter 10

Social and Cultural Ferment in the North, 1820–1850

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Charles Grandison Finney and Amy Kirby Post

The Market Revolution

Creating an Urban Landscape

The Lure of Urban Life

Roots of Urban Disorder

The New Middle Class

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 10.1 1850 U.S. Census of the Isaac and Amy Post Household

The Rise of Industry

Factory Towns and Women Workers

The Decline of Craft Work and Workingmen’s Responses

The Panic of 1837

Saving the Nation from Sin

The Second Great Awakening

New Visions of Faith and Reform

Transcendentalism

Organizing for Change

Varieties of Reform

The Problem of Poverty

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

How Can We Help the Poor?

Source 10.2 Matthew Carey, Appeal to the Wealthy of the Land, 1833

Source 10.3 Emily G. Kempshall, Letter to Rochester Female Charitable Society, 1838

The Temperance Movement

Utopian Communities

Abolitionism Expands and Divides

The Beginnings of the Antislavery Movement

Abolition Gains Ground and Enemies

Abolitionism and Women’s Rights

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Religion, Race, and the Call to End Slavery

Source 10.4 Lawrence J. Friedman, The Religious Roots of Immediate Abolition, 1982

Source 10.5 Manisha Sinha, The Black Roots of Immediate Abolition, 2016

The Rise of Antislavery Parties

Conclusion: From the North to the Nation

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 10

Religious Faith and Women’s Activism

Source 10.6 Charles G. Finney, An Influential Woman Converts, 1830 | Source 10.7 Elizabeth Emery and Mary P. Abbott, Founding a Female Anti-Slavery Society, 1836 | Source 10.8 Maria Stewart, On Religion and the Pure Principles of Morality, 1831 | Source 10.9 Congregational Pastoral Letter, 1837 | Source 10.10 Sarah Grimké, Response to the Pastoral Letter, 1837

 

Chapter 11

Slavery Expands South and West, 1830–1850

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

José Antonio Menchaca and Solomon Northrup

Planters Expand the Slave System

A Plantation Society Develops in the South

Urban Life in the Slave South

The Consequences of Slavery’s Expansion

Slave Society and Culture

Enslaved Labor Fuels the Economy

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 11.1 Edward Strutt Abdy, Description of Washington D.C., Slave Pen, 1833

Developing an African American Culture

Resistance and Rebellion

Planters Tighten Control

Harsher Treatment for Southern Blacks

White Southerners without Slaves

Planters Seek to Unify Southern Whites

Democrats Face Political and Economic Crises

The Battle for Texas

Indians Resist Removal

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Two Views on Texas Independence

Source 11.2 Colonel William Travis, Appeal for Reinforcements, March 3, 1836

Source 11.3 Benjamin Lundy, The War in Texas, 1836

Van Buren and the Panic of 1837

The Whigs Win the White House

The National Government Looks to the West

Expanding to Oregon and Texas

Pursuing War with Mexico

Debates over Slavery Intensify

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Families in Slavery

Source 11.4 Robert William Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman, Planters Shape Slave Families, 1974

Source 11.5 Deborah Gray White, The Roles of Enslaved Women, 1985

Conclusion: Geographical Expansion and Political Division

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 11

Lives in Slavery

Source 11.6 William Wells Brown, Memories of Childhood | Source 11.7 Harriet Jacobs, A Girl Threatened by Sexual Exploitation | Source 11.8 Solomon Northup, Endless Labor and Constant Fear | Source 11.9 Friedrich Shulz, The Slave Market | Source 11.10 Mary Reynolds, Recalling Work, Punishment, and Faith c. 1850s

 

Chapter 12

Imperial Ambitions and Sectional Crises, 1842–1861

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

John C. Frémont and Dred Scott

Claiming the West

Traveling the Overland Trail

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 12.1 Elizabeth Smith Geer, Oregon Trail Diary, 1847

The Gold Rush

A Crowded Land

Expansion and the Politics of Slavery

California and the Compromise of 1850

The Fugitive Slave Act Inspires Northern Protest

Pierce Encourages U.S. Expansion

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Fugitive Slave Law Contested

Source 12.2 William C. Nell, Meeting of Colored Citizens of Boston, September 30, 1850

Source 12.3 President Millard Fillmore, Proclamation 56 Calling on Citizens to Assist in the Recapture of a Fugitive Slave, February 18, 1851

Sectional Crises Intensify

Popularizing Antislavery Sentiment

The Kansas-Nebraska Act Stirs Dissent

Bleeding Kansas and the Election of 1856

The Dred Scott Decision

From Sectional Crisis to Southern Secession

Cortina’s War and John Brown’s Raid

The Election of 1860

From Secession to War

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

White Southerners Decide To Secede

Source 12.4 Michael P. Johnson, Georgians Choose Secession, 1977

Source 12.5   J. Mills Thornton, Alabamans Move toward Secession, 1978

Conclusion: A Nation Divided

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 12

Debating Secession

Source 12.6 Robert Toombs, Supporting Secession in Georgia, November 13, 1860 | Source 12.7 Waitman T. Willey, Speech at Virginia State Secession Convention, March 4, 1861 | Source 12.8 Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, Jefferson Davis about to become Provisional President of the Confederacy, March 16, 1861 | Source 12.9 Alexander Stephens, Cornerstone Speech, March 21, 1861 | Source 12.10 Mary Boykin Chesnut, Diary entries, April 4-12, 1861

 

Chapter 13

Civil War, 1861–1865

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Frederick Douglass and Rose O’Neal Greenhow

The Nation at War, 1861-1862

Both Sides Prepare for War

Wartime Roles of African Americans, Indians, and Mexican Americans

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 13.1 General Benjamin Butler, Enslaved Blacks Flee to Union Army Camps, May 27, 1861

Union Politicians Consider Emancipation

War Transforms the North and the South

Life and Death on the Battlefield

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Photographers Bring the War Home

Source 13.2 Union Soldiers in Camp, c. 1863

Source 13.3 Battlefield Dead at Antietam, 1862

The Northern Economy Expands

Urbanization and Industrialization in the South

Women Aid the War Effort

Dissent and Protest in the Midst of War

The Tide of War Turns, 1863–1865

Key Victories for the Union

African Americans Contribute to Victory

The Final Battles of a Hard War

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Why Union Soldiers Fought the Civil War

Source 13.4 Chandra Manning, The Fight Against Slavery (2007)

Source 13.5 Gary Gallagher, The Fight to Save the Union (2011)

The War Comes to an End

Conclusion: An Uncertain Future

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 13

Firsthand Accounts of the Civil War

Source 13.6 Frederick Spooner, Letter to His Brother Henry, April 30, 1861 | Source 13.7 John Hines, Letter to His Parents, April 22, 1862 | Source 13.8 Suzy King Taylor, Caring for the Thirty-third U.S. Colored Troops, 1863 | Source 13.9 Thomas Freeman, Letter to His Brother-in-Law, March 26, 1864 | Source 13.10 Eliza Frances Andrews, On Union Prisoners of War, 1865

 

Chapter 14

Emancipation and Reconstruction, 1863–1877

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Jefferson Long and Andrew Johnson

Emancipation

African Americans Embrace Freedom

Reuniting Families Torn Apart by Slavery

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 14.1 Freedpeople Petition for Land, 1865

Freedom to Learn

Freedom to Worship and the Leadership Role of Black Churches

National Reconstruction

Abraham Lincoln Plans for Reunification

Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction

Johnson and Congressional Resistance

Congressional Reconstruction

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Debating the Freedmen’s Bureau

Source 14.2 Colonel Eliphalet Whittlesey, Report on the Freedman’s Bureau, 1865

Source 14.3 Democratic Flier Opposing the Freedman’s Bureau Bill, 1866

The Struggle for Universal Suffrage

Remaking the South

Whites Reconstruct the South

Black Political Participation and Economic Opportunities

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Race and Reconstruction

Source 14.4 William A. Dunning, Radical Reconstruction (1907)

Source 14.5 John Hope Franklin, The South’s New Leaders (1961)

White Resistance to Congressional Reconstruction

The Unraveling of Reconstruction

The Republican Retreat

Congressional and Judicial Retreat

The Presidential Compromise of 1876

Conclusion: The Legacies of Reconstruction

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 14

Testing and Contesting Freedom

Source 14.6 Mississippi Black Code, 1865 | Source 14.7 Richard H. Cain, Federal Aid for Land Purchase, 1868 | Source 14.8 Willis B. Bocock and Black Laborers, Sharecropping Agreement, 1870 | Source 14.9 Ellen Parton, Testimony on Klan Violence, 1871 | Source 14.10 Thomas Nast, Colored Rule in a Reconstructed (?) State, 1874

 

Chapter 15

The West, 1865–1896

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Annie Oakley and Geronimo

Opening the West

The Great Plains

Federal Policy and Foreign Investment

Indians and Resistance to Expansion

Indian Civilizations

Federal Policy toward Indians before 1870

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 15.1 Buffalo Hunting, c. 1875

Reconstruction and Indians

Indian Defeat

Reforming Indian Policy

Indian Assimilation and Resistance

The Mining and Lumber Industries

The Business of Mining

Life in the Mining Towns

The Lumber Boom

The Cattle Industry and Commercial Farming

The Life of the Cowboy

The Rise of Commercial Ranching

Commercial Farming

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Cowboy Myths and Realities

Source 15.2 Poster Advertising Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show, 1893

Source 15.3 George C. Duffield, Diary of a Real Cowboy, 1866

Women Homesteaders

Farming on the Great Plains

Diversity in the Far West

Mormons

Californios and Mexican Americans

The Chinese

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Significance of the Frontier

Source 15.4 Frederick Jackson Turner, The Significance of the Frontier in American History, 1893

Source 15.5 Patricia Nelson Limerick, Deemphasizing the Concept of the Frontier, 1987

Conclusion: The Ambiguous Legacy of the West

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 15

American Indians and Whites in the West

Source 15.6 James Michael Cavanaugh, Support for Indian Extermination, 1868 | Source 15.7 Helen Hunt Jackson, Challenges to Indian Policy, 1881 | Source 15.8 Thomas Nast, "Patience until the Indian Is Civilized—So to Speak," 1878 | Source 15.9 Zitkala-Ša, Life at an Indian Boarding School, 1921 | Source 15.10 Chief Joseph, Views on Indian Affairs, 1879

 

Chapter 16

Industrial America, 1877–1900

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Andrew Carnegie and John Sherman

America Industrializes

The New Industrial Economy

Innovation and Inventions

Building a New South

Industrial Consolidation

The Growth of Corporations

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 16.1 Horace Taylor, What a Funny Little Government, 1900

Laissez-Faire, Social Darwinism, and Their Critics

The Doctrines of Success

Challenges to Laissez-Faire

Society and Culture in the Gilded Age

Wealthy and Middle-Class Leisure-Time Pursuits

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Leisure-Class Women

Source 16.2 The Delineator, 1900

Source 16.3 Alice Austen and Trude Eccleston, 1891

Changing Gender Roles

Black America and Jim Crow

National Politics in the Era of Industrialization

The Weak Presidency

Congressional Inefficiency

The Business of Politics

An Energized and Entertained Electorate

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Robber Baron or Captain of Industry?

Source 16.4 Matthew Josephson, The Robber Barons, 1934

Source 16.5 Ron Chernow, John D. Rockefeller, Industrial Statesman, 1998

Conclusion: Industrial America

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 16

Debates about Laissez-Faire

Source 16.6 William Graham Sumner, A Defense of Laissez-Faire, 1883 | Source 16.7 Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward, 2000–1887, 1888 | Source 16.8 Andrew Carnegie, The Gospel of Wealth, 1889 | Source 16.9 Henry Demarest Lloyd, Critique of Wealth, 1894

 

Chapter 17

Workers and Farmers in the Age of Organization, 1877–1900

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

John McLuckie and Mary Elizabeth Lease

Working People Organize

The Industrialization of Labor

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 17.1 John Morrison, Testimony on the Impact of Mechanization, 1883

Organizing Unions

Clashes between Workers and Owners

Working-Class Leisure in Industrial America

Farmers Organize

Farmers Unite

Populists Rise Up

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Farmers and Workers Organize: Two Views

Source 17.2 Walter Huston, Here Lies Prosperity, 1895

Source 17.3 Populist Party Platform, 1892

The Depression of the 1890s

Depression Politics

Political Realignment in the Election of 1896

The Decline of the Populists

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Agrarian Myth and Populism

Source 17.4 Richard Hofstadter, The Agrarian Myth, 1955

Source 17.5 Charles Postel, The Populist Vision, 2007

Conclusion: A Passion for Organization

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 17

The Pullman Strike of 1894

Source 17.6 George Pullman, Testimony before the U.S. Strike Commission, 1894 | Source 17.7 Eugene V. Debs, On Radicalism, 1902 | Source 17.8 Jennie Curtis, Testimony before the U.S. Strike Commission, 1894 | Source 17.9 Report from the Commission to Investigate the Chicago Strike, 1895

 

Chapter 18

Cities, Immigrants, and the Nation, 1880–1914

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Beryl Lassin and Maria Vik Takacs

A New Wave of Immigrants

Immigrants Arrive from Many Lands

Creating Immigrant Communities

Hostility toward Recent Immigrants

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 18.1 Anzia Yerzierska, Immigrant Fathers and Daughters, 1925

The Assimilation Dilemma

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Chinese in America

Source 18.2 Saum Song Bo, "A Chinese View of the Statue of Liberty" 1885

Source 18.3 Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 1886

Becoming an Urban Nation

The New Industrial City

Expand Upward and Outward

How the Other Half Lived

Urban Politics at the Turn of the Century

Political Machines and City Bosses

Urban Reformers

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Immigration, Nativism, and Whiteness

Source 18.4 John Higham, Nativism and Race, 1955

Source 18.5 Katherine Benton-Cohen, Nativism, Mexicans, and Whiteness, 2009

Conclusion: A Nation of Cities

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 18

"Melting Pot" or "Vegetable Soup"?

Source 18.6 Israel Zangwill, The Melting-Pot, 1908 | Source 18.7 "The Mortar of Assimilation—And the One Element That Won’t Mix," 1889 | Source 18.8 "Be Just—Even to John Chinaman," 1893 | Source 18.9 Alfred P. Schultz, The Mongrelization of America, 1908 | Source 18.10 Randolph S. Bourne, Trans-national America, 1916

 

Chapter 19

Progressivism and the Search for Order, 1900–1917

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Gifford Pinchot and Gene Stratton-Porter

The Roots of Progressivism

Progressive Origins

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 19.1 Walter Rauschenbusch, Christianity and the Social Crisis, 1907

Muckrakers

Humanitarian and Social Justice Reform

Female Progressives and the Poor

Fighting for Women’s Suffrage

Progressivism and African Americans

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Addressing Racial Inequality

Source 19.2 Booker T. Washington, The Atlanta Compromise, 1895

Source 19.3 Ida B. Wells, A Critique of Booker T. Washington, 1904

Progressivism and Indians

Morality and Social Control

Prohibition

Prostitution, Narcotics, and Juvenile Delinquency

Birth Control

Immigration Restriction

Good Government Progressivism

Municipal and State Reform

Conservation and Preservation of the Environment

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Progressivism in White and Black

Source 19.4 C. Van Woodward, Progressivism for Whites Only, 1951

Source 19.5 Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, Southern Black Women and Progressivism, 1996

Presidential Progressivism

Theodore Roosevelt and the Square Deal

Taft Retreats from Progressivism

The Election of 1912

Woodrow Wilson and the New Freedom Agenda

Conclusion: The Progressive Legacy

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 19

Women’s Suffrage and Passage of the Nineteenth Amendment

Source 19.6 Jane Addams, "Why Women Should Vote," 1910 | Source 19.7 Adella Hunt Logan, "Colored Women as Voters," 1912 | Source 19.8 Belle Kearney, "The South and Women’s Suffrage," 1903 | Source 19.9 Rose Winslow, Prison Notes, 1917 | Source 19.10 America When Feminized, c. 1919-1920

 

Chapter 20

Empire, Wars, and Pandemic, 1898–1919

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Alfred Thayer Mahan and José Martí

The Awakening of Imperialism

The Economics of Expansion

Cultural Justifications for Imperialism

Gender and Empire

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 20.1 Rudyard Kipling, "The White Man’s Burden," 1899

The War with Spain

Revolution in Cuba

The War of 1898

The Pacification of Cuba

The Philippine War

Extending U.S. Imperialism, 1899–1913

Theodore Roosevelt and "Big Stick" Diplomacy

Opening the Door in China

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Fighting in the Philippines

Source 20.2 President McKinley Defends His Decision

Source 20.3 William Carson, "A Bigger Job Than He Thought For," 1899

Wilson and American Foreign Policy, 1912–1917

Diplomacy and War

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The U.S. Chooses to Enter World War I

Source 20.4 Arthur S. Link, Woodrow Wilson and Neutrality, 1963

Source 20.5 John Whiteclay Chambers II, Woodrow Wilson’s Unneutral Neutrality, 2000

Making the World Safe for Democracy

Fighting the War at Home

Government by Commission

Winning Hearts and Minds

1918-19 Influenza Pandemic

Waging Peace

The Failure of Ratification

Conclusion: A U.S. Empire

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 20

The Challenges of the 1918-19 Influenza Pandemic

Source 20.6 Philadelphia Inquirer Describes the Crisis, 1918 | Source 20.7 A Letter from a Native American, Volunteer Nurse, 1918 | Source 20.8 Advertisement to Stop Influenza, 1918 | Source 20.9 Dr. A. Wilberforce Williams on Fake Influenza Remedies, 1918 | Source 20.10 U.S. Public Health Service Information on Influenza, 1919

 

Chapter 21

The Twenties, 1919–1929

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

D. C. Stephenson and Ossian Sweet

Social Turmoil

The Red Scare, 1919–1920

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 21.1 A. Mitchell Palmer, The Case against the Reds, 1920

Racial Violence in the Postwar Era

Prosperity, Consumption, and Growth

Government Promotion of the Economy

Americans Become Consumers

Urbanization

Perilous Prosperity

Challenges to Social Conventions

Breaking with the Old Morality

The Harlem Renaissance

Marcus Garvey and Black Nationalism

Culture Wars

Prohibition

Nativists versus Immigrants

Resurrection of the Ku Klux Klan

Fundamentalism versus Modernism

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Men and Women of the KKK

Source 21.2 Gerald W. Johnson, The Ku Kluxer, 1924

Source 21.3 Women of the Ku Klux Klan, 1927

Politics and the Fading of Prosperity

The Battle for the Soul of the Democratic Party

Lingering Progressivism

Financial Crash

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Impact of Prohibition

Source 21.4 Andrew Sinclair, The Excesses of Prohibition, 1962

Source 21.5 Lisa McGirr, The National State and Crime Control, 2016

Conclusion: The Transitional Twenties

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 21

The New Negro and the Harlem Renaissance

Source 21.6 A. Philip Randolph and Chandler Owen, "The New Negro—What Is He?" 1919 | Source 21.7 Claude McKay, "If We Must Die," 1919 | Source 21.8 Langston Hughes, "The Negro Speaks of Rivers," 1921 | Source 21.9 Aaron Douglas, Illustration, The New Negro, 1925 | Source 21.10 Bessie Smith, "Down-Hearted Blues," 1923

 

Chapter 22

Depression, Dissent, and the New Deal, 1929–1940

AMERICAN HISTORIES

Eleanor Roosevelt and Luisa Moreno

The Great Depression

Hoover Faces the Depression

Hoovervilles and Dust Storms

Challenges for Racial Minorities

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 22.1 Plea from the Scottsboro Prisoners, 1932

Families under Strain

Organized Protest

The New Deal

Roosevelt Restores Confidence

Steps toward Recovery

Direct Assistance and Relief

New Deal Critics

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Letters to Eleanor Roosevelt

Source 22.2 Mildred Isbell to Mrs. Roosevelt, January 1, 1936

Source 22.3 Minnie Harden to Mrs. Roosevelt, December 14, 1937

The New Deal Moves to the Left

Expanding Relief Measures

Establishing Social Security

Organized Labor Strikes Back

A Half Deal for Racial Minorities

Decline of the New Deal

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

New Deal or Raw Deal

Source 22.4 William E. Leuchtenburg, The Roosevelt Reconstruction, 1963

Source 22.5 Barton J. Bernstein, The Conservative Achievements of Liberal Reform, 1969

Conclusion: New Deal Liberalism

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 22

The Depression in Rural America

Source 22.6 Ann Marie Low, Dust Bowl Diary, 1934 | Source 22.7 John P. Davis, A Black Inventory of the New Deal, 1935 | Source 22.8 A Sharecropper’s Family in Washington County, Arkansas, 1935 | Source 22.9 Martin Torres, Protest Against Maltreatment of Mexican Laborers in California, 1934 | Source 22.10 Otis Nation, Testimony to the Great Plains Committee, 1937

 

Chapter 23

World War II, 1933–1945

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

J. Robert Oppenheimer and Fred Korematsu

The Road toward War

The Growing Crisis in Europe

The Challenge to Isolationism

The United States Enters the War

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 23.1 Monica Sone, Memories of Pearl Harbor

The Home-Front Economy

Managing the Wartime Economy

New Opportunities for Women

Everyday Life on the Home Front

Fighting for Equality at Home

The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement

Struggles for Mexican Americans

American Indians

The Ordeal of Japanese Americans

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Japanese American Internment

Source 23.2 Charles Kikuchi, Internment Diary, 1942

Source 23.3 Justice Hugo Black, Korematsu v. United States, 1944

Global War

War in Europe

War in the Pacific

Ending the War

Evidence of the Holocaust

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Roosevelt Administration and the Holocaust

Source 23.4 David S. Wyman, FDR Abandoned the Jews, 1984

Source 23.5 Richard Breitman and Allan J. Lichtman, FDR Did Not Abandon the Jews, 2013

Conclusion: The Impact of World War II

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 23

The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb

Source 23.6 Petition to the President of the United States, July 17, 1945 | Source 23.7 President Harry S. Truman, Press Release on the Atomic Bomb, August 6, 1945 | Source 23.8 Hiroshima, August 6, 1945 | Source 23.9 U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey, 1946 | Source 23.10 Father Johannes Siemes, Eyewitness Account of the Hiroshima Bombing, 1945

 

Chapter 24

The Opening of the Cold War, 1945–1961

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

George Kennan and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

The Origins of the Cold War, 1945–1947

Mutual Misunderstandings

The Truman Doctrine

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 24.1 Henry Wallace, The Way to Peace, 1946

The Marshall Plan and Economic Containment

The Cold War Hardens, 1948–1953

Military Containment

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Marshall Plan and the Soviet Union

Source 24.2 George C. Marshall, The Marshall Plan, 1947

Source 24.3 Vyacheslav Molotov, Soviet Objections to the Marshall Plan, 1947

The Korean War

The Korean War and the Imperial Presidency

Combating Communism at Home, 1945–1954

Loyalty and the Second Red Scare

McCarthyism

The Cold War Expands, 1953 –1961

Nuclear Weapons and Containment

Decolonization

Interventions in the Middle East, Latin America, and Africa

Early Intervention in Vietnam, 1954–1960

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Causes of the Cold War

Source 24.4 William Appleman Williams, Expanding the Economic Open Door, 1959

Source 24.5 John Lewis Gaddis, Competing Ideologies, 1972

Conclusion: The Cold War and Anticommunism

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 24

McCarthyism and the Hollywood Ten

Source 24.6 Ronald Reagan, Testimony before HUAC, 1947 | Source 24.7 John Howard Lawson, Testimony before HUAC, 1947 | Source 24.8 The Waldorf Statement and the Introduction of the Blacklist, 1947 | Source 24.9 Herblock, "You Mean I’m Supposed to Stand on That," 1950 | Source 24.10 Lillian Hellman, Letter to HUAC, 1952

 

Chapter 25

Troubled Innocence, 1945–1961

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Alan Freed and Grace Metalious

Peacetime Transition and the Boom Years

Peacetime Challenges, 1945–1948

Economic Conversion and Labor Discontent

Truman, the New Deal Coalition, and the Election of 1948

Economic Boom

Baby Boom

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 25.1 Adlai E. Stevenson, "A Purpose for Modern Woman,"1955

Changes in Living Patterns

The Culture of the 1950s

The Rise of Television

Wild Ones on the Big Screen

The Influence of Teenage Culture

The Lives of Women

Religious Revival

Beats and Other Nonconformists

The Growth of the Civil Rights Movement

The Rise of the Southern Civil Rights Movement

School Segregation and the Supreme Court

The Montgomery Bus Boycott

White Resistance to Desegregation

The Sit-Ins

Civil Rights Struggles in the North

Civil Rights Struggles in the West

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Civil Rights Movement and Its Opponents

Source 25.2 The Southern Manifesto, 1956

Source 25.3 Ella Baker, "Bigger Than a Hamburger," 1960

Domestic Politics in the Eisenhower Era

Modern Republicanism

The Election of 1960

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

When Did the Civil Rights Movement Begin?

Source 25.4 Jacquelyn Dowd Hall, The Long Civil Rights Movement, 2005

Source 25.5 Steven F. Lawson, The Short Civil Rights Movement, 2011

Conclusion: Postwar Politics and Culture

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 25

Teenagers in Postwar America

Source 25.6 Dick Clark, Your Happiest Years, 1959 | Source 25.7 Charlotte Jones, Letter on Elvis, 1957 | Source 25.8 The Desegregation of Central High School, 1957 | Source 25.9 Gloria Lopez-Stafford, A Mexican American Childhood in El Paso, Texas, 1949 | Source 25.10 "Why No Chinese American Delinquents?" 1955

 

Chapter 26

Liberalism and Its Challengers, 1960–1973

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Earl Warren and Bayard Rustin

The Politics of Liberalism

Kennedy’s New Frontier

Kennedy, the Cold War, and Cuba

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 26.1 Edmund Valtman, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962

The Civil Rights Movement Intensifies, 1961–1968

Freedom Rides

Kennedy Supports Civil Rights

Freedom Summer and Voting Rights

Civil Rights and Black Power

Federal Efforts toward Social Reform, 1964–1968

The Great Society

The Warren Court

The Vietnam War, 1961–1969

Kennedy’s Intervention in South Vietnam

Johnson Escalates the War in Vietnam

Challenges to the Liberal Establishment

The New Left

The Counterculture

Liberation Movements

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Chicano and Native American Freedom Movements

Source 26.2 Chicano Student Movement of Aztlán, 1969

Source 26.3 The Alcatraz Proclamation, 1969

The Revival of Conservatism

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Race and Class in Second Wave Feminism

Source 26.4 Anne Valk, Feminist Interactions, 2008

Source 26.5 Linda Gordon, Race, Class, and Feminism, 2014

Conclusion: Liberalism and Its Discontents

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 26

Freedom Summer

Source 26.6 Prospectus for Mississippi Freedom Summer, 1964

Source 26.7 Nancy Ellin, Letter Describing Freedom Summer, 1964 | Source 26.8 White Southerners Respond to Freedom Summer, 1964 | Source 26.9 Fannie Lou Hamer, Address to the Democratic National Convention Credentials Committee, 1964 | Source 26.10 Lyndon B. Johnson, Monitoring the MFDP Challenge, 1964

 

Chapter 27

The Swing toward Conservatism, 1968–1980

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Pauli Murray and Louise Day Hicks

Nixon: War and Diplomacy, 1969–1974

The Election of 1968

The Failure of Vietnamization

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 27.1 Richard Nixon, Speech Accepting the Republican Nomination for President, August 8, 1968

The Cold War Thaws

Crisis in the Middle East and at Home

Nixon and Politics, 1969–1974

Pragmatic Conservatism

The Nixon Landslide and Watergate Scandal, 1972–1974

The Presidency of Jimmy Carter, 1976–1980

Jimmy Carter and the Limits of Affluence

The Perils of Détente

Challenges in the Middle East

The Persistence of Liberalism in the 1970s

Popular Culture

Women’s Movement

Environmentalism

Racial Struggles Continue

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Women of Color and Feminism

Source 27.2 Workshop Resolutions, First National Chicana Conference, 1971

Source 27.3 Combahee River Collective, A Black Feminist Statement, 1977

Mexican Americans Challenge Discrimination

The New Right Rises

Tax Revolt

Neo-Conservatism

Christian Conservatism

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Rise of the New Right

Source 27.4 Dan T. Carter, George Wallace, Race, and the New Right, 1996

Source 27.5 Daniel K. Williams, The Christian Right, 2010

Conclusion: The Swing toward Conservatism

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 27

The New Right and Its Critics

Source 27.6 Proposition 13, California, 1978 | Source 27.7 Phyllis Schlafly, "What’s Wrong with ‘Equal Rights’ for Women?" 1972 | Source 27.8 Gloria Steinem, Testimony on the Equal Rights Amendment, May 6, 1970 | Source 27.9 Paul Weyrich, Building the Moral Majority, 1979 | Source 27.10 A. Bartlett Giamatti, The Moral Majority Threatens Freedom, 1981

 

Chapter 28

The Triumph of Conservatism, the End of the Cold War, and the Rise of the New World Order, 1980–1992

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

George Shultz and Demetria Martinez

The Reagan Revolution

Reagan and Reaganomics

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 28.1 Ronald Reagan, First Inaugural Address, January 20, 1981

The Implementation of Social Conservatism

Reagan and the End of the Cold War, 1981–1988

"The Evil Empire"

Human Rights and the Fight against Communism

Fighting International Terrorism

The Nuclear Freeze Movement

The Road to Nuclear De-escalation

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Nuclear Freeze Movement

Source 28.2 New Jersey Referendum on Nuclear Freeze, 1982

Source 28.3 United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Pastoral Letter on War and Peace, 1983

The Presidency of George H. W. Bush, 1989–1993

"Kinder and Gentler" Conservatism

The Breakup of the Soviet Union

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The End of the Cold War

Source 28.4 John Spanier, Gorbachev Needed to End the Cold War, 1992

Source 28.5 Beth Fischer, Reagan Ends the Cold War, 1997

Globalization and the New World Order

Managing Conflict after the Cold War

The 1992 Election

Conclusion: Conservative Ascendancy and the End of the Cold War

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 28

The Iran-Contra Affair

Source 28.6 The Boland Amendments, 1982 and 1984 | Source 28.7 CIA Freedom Fighter’s Manual, 1983 | Source 28.8 Ronald Reagan, Speech on the Iran-Contra Affair, 1987 | Source 28.9 Oliver North, Testimony to Congress, July 1987 | Source 28.10 George Mitchell, Response to Oliver North, 1987

 

Chapter 29

The Challenges of a Globalized World, 1993 to the present

COMPARING AMERICAN HISTORIES

Bill Gates and Alicia Garza

Transforming American Society

The Computer Revolution

The Changing American Population

Political Polarization and Globalization in the Clinton Years

Politics during the Clinton Administration

GUIDED PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

Source 29.1 Bo Yee, The New American Sweatshop, 1994

Global Challenges

The Presidency of George W. Bush

Bush and Compassionate Conservatism

The Iraq War

Bush’s Second Term

COMPARATIVE PRIMARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The War in Iraq

Source 29.2 George W. Bush, Declaration of Victory in Iraq, May 1, 2003

Source 29.3 Farnaz Fassihi, Report from Baghdad, 2004

The Challenges Faced by President Barack Obama

The Great Recession

Obama and the Great Recession

The 2010 Revolt Against Obama

Obama’s Second Term

Latinos and Immigration

Asian Americans

African Americans and Institutional Racism

The Native American Struggle Continued

Obama and the World

COMPARATIVE SECONDARY SOURCE ANALYSIS

The Election of Barack Obama

Source 29.4 Frederick C. Harris, Decline of Black Politics, 2012

Source 29.5 Randall Kennedy, The Importance of Symbolism, 2011

The Presidency of Donald Trump

The 2016 Election

The Trump Presidency

Pandemic, Protests, and Politics

Conclusion: Technology and Terror in a Global Society

Chapter Review

PRIMARY SOURCE PROJECT 29

The Uses of September 11

Source 29.6 Diana Hoffman, "The Power of Freedom," 2002 | Source 29.7 Khaled Abou El Fadl, Response to September 11, 2001 | Source 29.8 Anti-Muslim Discrimination, 2011 | Source 29.9 Edward Snowden, Interview, 2014 | Source 29.10 Alice M. Greenwald, Message from the Director of the 9/11 Memorial Museum

New biographies in the chapter-opening Comparing American Histories reflect continued attention to racial and ethnic diversity. Among the new profiles are Powhatan, leader of the largest native confederacy in the mid-Atlantic region (chapter 2); Elizabeth (Mum Bett) Freeman whose freedom suit contributed to Massachusetts ending slavery during the American Revolution (chapter 6); José Antonio Menchaca a Tejano military leader who fought for Texas independence (chapter 11); Pauli Murray, the African American civil rights activist and feminist (chapter 27); and Alicia Garza, the African American community organizer and co-founder of Black Lives Matter (chapter 29).

Expanded coverage of diversity provides even greater representation of diverse peoples. For example, in chapter 3, coverage of Native Americans has been amplified and more names of specific tribes are included to highlight the variety and number of Native American nations. Chapter 6 has been reorganized in order to expand coverage of multi-ethnic, multiracial forces fighting on both sides in the Revolution. Chapter 21 includes new coverage of the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921. And, chapter 26 includes coverage of Mexican American activist, Rejes Tijerna, and also the 1968 Bilingual Education Act. In addition to attention to regional, racial, and ethnic diversity, coverage of other historical developments has been updated such as systemic racism, pandemics, and the development of capitalist systems in various periods.

New Primary Source Projects provide students with fresh primary source materials to engage with, such as a project on Cherokee engagement with white society in Chapter 9 and a project on women’s suffrage and the ratification of the nineteenth amendment in Chapter 19.

Adjustments to chapter organization specifically in Chapters 12 and 13 allow for extended discussions on American Indians, Mexican Americans, African Americans and women during the Civil War and of black refugees who used the chaos of war to claim their independence.

Updates to the narrative include material on the divisive 2020 presidential election, the COVID-19 pandemic; the police killings of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor and the nationwide protests they inspired; the collapse of the U.S. economy caused by the pandemic; and the January 6, 2021 insurrection at the Capitol; and the subsequent second impeachment of Trump.