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Teaching and Differentiation
Ideas: By Teachers, for Teachers

The central feature of this Teacher’s Edition is a running commentary of ideas for
teaching with this book that you will find in the margins. In this exceptionally
valuable resource, the authors and a team of master teachers provide helpful
strategically and purposefully to illustrate, clarify, qualify, or amplify a point. While this marginal annotations throughout to support your teaching of students at all levels,
4
textual evidence comes from the story itself, the commentary is where your voice as the
TRM Vocabulary Handout
interpreter of a fictional text comes through. This is the glue that holds your argument Interpreter of Maladies including called-out passages for close reading, useful teaching ideas, important
© Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. For review purposes only. Do not distribute.
Vocabulary in Context exercises based on
together: it explains the logical reasoning that connects the evidence to the interpretation spots to check for understanding, and suggestions to help build context. As a
you articulate in your thesis. To review the process of writing an AP Short Fiction Jhumpa Lahiri challenging words from this reading can be
®
found in the Teacher’s Resource Materials.
chapter 4
Analysis Essay, see pages 36–49 of Chapter 1: Analyzing Short Fiction. classroom teacher, you need to make adjustments not only in the texts and the
Leonardo Cendamo/Getty Images
As you read and analyze the works of literature in this chapter, you’ll learn more about how Born in London in 1967, Jhumpa Lahiri immigrated with her Bengali tasks your students encounter but also in the ways that they encounter them.
people from different time periods and backgrounds define themselves or struggle to do so. parents to Boston and then Kingston, Rhode Island. She received a Central Text TRM ELL Essential Guide Handout
Identity and Culture
You’ll see how, in some cases, the culture of family, nationality, religion, gender, or ethnicity BA in English literature from Barnard College and graduated from These notes provide many suggestions for making adjustments in the following
7. Connections. Watch The Namesake (PG-13), based on a novel by Lahiri, and discuss the
Boston University with master’s degrees in English, creative writing,
4
similar concerns found in that film and “Interpreter of Maladies.” Pay particular attention to
supports that identity; in others, how it challenges or even thwarts it. Your understanding of and comparative literature and a PhD in Renaissance studies. Lahiri categories. An ELL Essential Guide for this reading
the clash of traditional culture and contemporary values, the responsibility of one generation
the fiction writer’s craft will advance your own skills of analysis and interpretation. can be found in the Teacher’s Resource TRM Vocabulary Handout chapter 4
has garnered critical acclaim and commercial success with two
to preserve and communicate its traditional culture to another, the role of women, and the Boy on a Train Materials. Vocabulary in Context exercises based on
Vocabulary in Context exercises based on
relationship between parents and children. short-story collections — Interpreter of Maladies (1999) and challenging words from this reading can be
James Whitmore/The LIFE PictureCollection/
om this r
eading can be
ds fr
challenging wor
Ralph Ellison
Building Context: These notes suggest

8. Speaking and Listening. Diaspora is a term that originally referred to the scattered Jewish

activity Guided Reading for “Interpreter of Maladies” Unaccustomed Earth (2008) — and two novels, The Namesake (2003) and The Lowland found in the T eacher’ s Resour ce Materials.
found in the Teacher’s Resource Materials.
community after the Babylonian exile during the sixth century B.C.E. Today we use it more him a long time to get his nerve up. Tain’t carriage but ’fore Ah could git to him the saw
(2013). Her debut story collection, Interpreter of Maladies , won the PEN/Hemingway Award
questions or activities intended to introduce
Ralph Waldo Ellison (1914–1994) was a novelist and scholar born
BUILDING CONTEXT
As you read the Central Text in this chapter, “Interpreter of Maladies” by Jhumpa Lahiri and the 2000 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, making Lahiri the youngest person ever to win that nothin’ for Spunk to fight when he ain’t skeered got him in the body — awful sight. Me an’ Skint
generally to refer to the movement, migration, or scattering of people from their original
in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In 1933, he enrolled at the Tuskegee
(p. 169), keep track of your observations and questions about how the following Big prestigious award. Lahiri feels strong ties to England, India, and the United States, yet says, Classic Text
homelands. In small groups, discuss “Interpreter of Maladies” as a story about the struggle of
When an excerpt from Anita Desai’s Miller got him off but it was too late. Anybody
students to the context of the text, including of nothin’. Now, Joe’s done come back to have it
TRM ELL Essential Guide Handout
Identity and Culture
Institute in Alabama on a scholarship to study music, and after
Ideas take shape in Lahiri’s short story. being part of a diaspora in the late twentieth century. “No country is my motherland. I always find myself in exile in whichever country I travel out wid the man that’s got all he ever had. Y’all could see that. The fust thing he said wuz: ‘He
his third year he moved to New York City to study sculpture and
eading
An ELL Essential Guide for this r
9. Creative Writing. During the story, we learn details about Mrs. Kapasi from her husband’s conducting short research on the cultural, Fasting, Feasting appeared on the 2008 An ELL Essential Guide for this reading
®
®
AP English Literature and Composition
AP Big Idea Observations Questions to. . . .” She explores this theme in much of her fiction, including this title story from know Joe ain’t never had nothin’ nor wanted pushed me, ’Lige — the dirty hound pushed ce
perspective. According to Mr. Kapasi, theirs was “a bad match” (par. 79). His wife never asks
photography. There he met novelist Richard Wright in 1937 and
can be found in the Teacher’s Resource
eacher’
can be found in the T
s Resour
Exam, students’ responses from across the
Interpreter of Maladies .
soon shifted his focus to writing, publishing short stories, book
Character him about his patients or says that his job is “a big responsibility” (par. 78). She serves him historical, or geographical information that nothin’ besides Lena. It musta been a h’ant 4 Getty Images me in the back!’ — he was spittin’ blood at
Materials.
Materials.
his evening cup of tea “in silence” (par. 111). We are given these bits of information, but we reviews, and articles in periodicals such as New Challenge and United States showed that their knowledge United States showed that their knowledge
cause ain’t nobody never seen no black
ev’ry breath. We laid him on the sawdust pile
never get to see things from her point of view. Let her speak! Write a description of Mr. Kapasi might make the text challenging for students bob-cat.” of India and Indians was often informed
with his face to the East so’s he could die
New Masses . Ellison’s first and most famous novel, Invisible Man ,

in the voice of his wife. t the tea stall Mr. and Mrs. Das bickered young, perhaps not even thirty. In addition to “ ‘Nother thing,” cut in one of the men, easy. He helt mah han’ till the last, Walter,
by depictions of Indians in popular culture
by depictions of Indians in popular culture
4 / Identity and Culture
BUILDING CONTEXT
10. Research. Why does Lahiri choose the Sun Temple at Konarak as the central setting for her to access. won the National Book Award in 1953 and is considered one of the great American novels. and said: ‘It was Joe, ’Lige . . . the dirty
and commercial film. It may therefore be
“Spunk was cussin’ a blue streak to-day ’cause
Aabout who should take Tina to the toilet.
Setting story? Research this sacred monument to learn more about it, including the sun god Surya. Tina they had two boys, Ronny and Bobby, who
useful to help students situate their reading
KEY CONTEXT Ellison most likely wrote this story in October of 1937 in Dayton, Ohio, before
useful to help students situate their reading
Eventually Mrs. Das relented when Mr. Das
Students might be interested in the history
Students might be inter
ested in the history
How does the information you learn add to your understanding of Lahiri’s choice? Why do appeared very close in age and had teeth he ’lowed dat saw wuz wobblin’ — almos’ got sneak shoved me . . . he didn’t dare come to
revising it on his return to New York City in early 1938. Set in 1924 during the Jim Crow era, “Boy
of characters in “Interpreter of Maladies”
pointed out that he had given the girl her bath
you think she chose this temple rather than a more famous one (to westerners, at least), such covered in a network of flashing silver wires. ’im once. The machinist come, looked it over mah face . . . but Ah’ll git the son-of-a-wood
of this story. “Boy on a Train” was one
of this story. “Boy on a Train” was one
against their preconceptions of what Indian
against their preconceptions of what Indian
on a Train” takes place in Oklahoma, where segregation did not end until 1955.
as the Taj Mahal? the night before. In the rearview mirror The family looked Indian but dressed as an said it wuz alright. Spunk musta been leanin louse soon’s Ah get there an’ make hell too hot
of six short stories discovered in a box
of six short stories discovered in a box
people are like. Students might talk about
people are like. Students might talk about
Mr. Kapasi watched as Mrs. Das emerged slowly foreigners did, the children in stiff, brightly t’wards it some. Den he claimed somebody for him . . . Ah felt him shove me . . . !’ Thass
under Ralph Ellison’s dining room table
Structure under Ralph Ellison’s dining room table
their views of “typical” Indian women in how he died.”
from his bulky white Ambassador, dragging her colored clothing and caps with translucent pushed ’im but twan’t nobody close to ’im. Ah
after he died; it was first published in the
he train gave a long, shrill, lonely whistle, It was hot in the train, and the car was too after he died; it was first published in the
India and in the United States and consider
India and in the United States and consider
shaved, largely bare legs across the back seat. visors. Mr. Kapasi was accustomed to foreign wuz glad when knockin’ off time came. I’m “If spirits kin fight, there’s a powerful tussle
New Yorker in April 1996. The story is at
Tand seemed to gain speed as it rushed close to the engine, making it impossible to New Yorker 6
from what sources these views are derived.
from what sources these views are derived.
She did not hold the little girl’s hand as they tourists; he was assigned to them regularly skeered of dat man when he gits hot. He’d beat goin’ on somewhere ovah Jordan ’cause Ah
least partly autobiographical: when he was
least partly autobiographical: when he was
downgrade between two hills covered with
Viewing excerpts from the 2008 film b’leeve Joe’s ready for Spunk an’ ain’t skeered any
you full of button holes as quick as he’s look
walked to the rest room. because he could speak English. Yesterday he open the window. More than once, cinders
three, Ellison lost his father, and he spent
three, Ellison lost his father, and he spent
Narration They were on their way to see the Sun had driven an elderly couple from Scotland, found a way into the car and flew into the baby’s more — yas, Ah b’leeve Joe pushed ’im mahself.”
, which captured such
Slumdog Millionaire, which captured such
trees. The trees were covered with deep-red,
atcher.”
his eleventh year in McAlester, Oklahoma.
his eleventh year in McAlester, Oklahoma.
a large share of the public imagination
brown, and yellow leaves. The leaves fell on the
been an ocular deception, assisted by the “If it be as thou sayest,” replied Goodman As he spoke he pointed his staff at a female “Ah, your worship knows the recipe,” cried 4 eyes. The woman raised her head from her book They had arrived at the house. Lena’s
Temple at Konarak. It was a dry, bright
both with spotted faces and fluffy white hair so
You might also choose to give your stu-
4
IV
side of the hill and scattered down to the gray
uncertain light. Brown, “I marvel they never spoke of these figure on the path, in whom Goodman Brown the old lady, cackling aloud. “So, as I was saying, from time to time to watch the little boys. The You might also choose to give your stu-
Saturday, the mid-July heat tempered by a
thin it exposed their sunburnt scalps. In
because of its appealingly mainstream lamentations were deep and loud. She had
CLOSE READING
dents some background into Ellison’s
dents some background into Ellison’s
blend of fairy tale and the gritty reality of
rocks along the opposite tracks. When the
“Come, Goodman Brown!” cried his matters; or, verily, I marvel not, seeing that the recognized a very pious and exemplary dame, being all ready for the meeting, and no horse to car was filthy, and part of it was used for filled the room with magnolia blossoms that
steady ocean breeze, ideal weather for
comparison, the tanned, youthful faces of Mr.
The men gathered the next evening in a different
Invisible Man (and encourage them to read
Invisible Man
the Mumbai slums, might provide a starting
engine blew off steam, the little boys could see
the Mumbai slums, might provide a starting
fellow-traveller, “this is a dull pace for the least rumor of the sort would have driven them who had taught him his catechism in youth, and ride on, I made up my mind to foot it; for they baggage. Up front, the pine shipping box of a gave off a heavy sweet odor. The keepers of
mood, no laughter. No badinage this time.
sightseeing. Ordinarily Mr. Kapasi would not Key Passage. The highlighted text is a rich
5
and Mrs. Das were all the more striking. When
it!). Unlike this short story, Invisible Man is
it!). Unlike this short story,
casket stood in a corner. Wonder what poor soul
the white cloud scatter the colored leaves
beginning of a journey. Take my staff, if you are from New England. We are a people of prayer, was still his moral and spiritual adviser, jointly tell me there is a nice young man to be taken DIFFERENTIATION point; students might talk about how the wake tipped about whispering in
“Look, ’Lige, you goin’ to set up wid Spunk?”
have stopped so soon along the way, but less passage suited for close reading. Students
he’d introduced himself, Mr. Kapasi had pressed
surreal, long, and sometimes humorous.
surreal, long, and sometimes humorous.
®
chapter 4
Lahiri’s representation of Indians aligns with
Lahiri’s representation of Indians aligns with
against the side of the hill. The engine hissed,
so soon weary.” AP Unit 4 Alignment at a Glance with the minister and Deacon Gookin. into communion to-night. But now your good that is in there, the woman thought. frightened tones. Everyone in the village was
and good works to boot, and abide no such
can annotate this key passage in the
“Naw, Ah reckon not, Walter. Tell yuh the
than five minutes after he’d picked up the family
his palms together in greeting, but Mr. Das
The protagonist is a young Black man
The protagonist is a young Black man
Central Text / Jhumpa Lahiri, Interpreter of Maladies (short fiction)
or departs from their own prior knowledge
or departs from their own prior knowledge
3
and the leaves danced in the steam like leaves
“Friend,” said the other, exchanging his slow 15 wickedness.” pp. 169–186 “A marvel, truly, that Goody Cloyse should worship will lend me your arm, and we shall be Scaffolding Bags and trunks covered the floor up front, 5 there, even old Jeff Kanty, Joe’s father, who a
that morning in front of Hotel Sandy Villa, the book’s digital platform, or you can print it
truth, Ah’m a li’l bit skittish. Spunk died too
squeezed hands like an American so that
who travels from the South to New York
who travels from the South to New York
or preconceptions.
in a white wind.
and now and then the butcher came in to pick
there in a twinkling.”
pace for a full stop, “having kept covenant by “Wickedness or not,” said the traveller with 20 pp. 187–196 little girl had complained. The first thing to be annotated by hand. Short Fiction / Nathaniel Hawthorne Students should, by now, recognize the 1 few hours before would have been afraid to
Classic Text / Ralph Ellison, Boy on a Train (short fiction)
be so far in the wilderness at nightfall,” said he.
wicket — died cussin’ he did. You know he
Mr. Kapasi felt it in his elbow. Mrs. Das, for her
City. His race makes him invisible, even as
City. His race makes him invisible, even as
staff as a significant motif in the story. Ask
Identity and Culture
“See, Lewis, Jack Frost made the pretty
meeting thee here, it is my purpose now to the twisted staff, “I have a very general pp. 215–286 Mr. Kapasi had noticed when he saw Mr. and part, had flexed one side of her mouth, smiling up candy, or fruit or magazines, to sell back in come within ten feet of him, stood leering
“But with your leave, friend, I shall take a cut
“That can hardly be,” answered her friend.
thought he was done outa life.”
35
he gets involved in political movements.
he gets involved in political movements.
Short Fiction
TRM Annotation Handout
the white cars. He would come in and pick up a
return whence I came. I have scruples touching acquaintance here in New England. The through the woods until we have left this “I may not spare you my arm, Goody Cloyse; but them to return to the text and identify all of 50 triumphantly down upon the fallen giant as if
leaves. Jack Frost paints the leaves all the pretty
“Good Lawd, who’d he think done it?”
He ends up living underground, stealing
He ends up living underground, stealing
dutifully at Mr. Kapasi, without displaying any
Mrs. Das, standing with their children under the
®
the references to walking sticks or staffs.
here is my staff, if you will.”
deacons of many a church have drunk the
Christian woman behind. Being a stranger to
1
the matter thou wot’st of.” AP Multiple-Choice Practice pp. 321–325 portico of the hotel, was that they were very A student handout for annotating this text basket with candy, go out, come back; pick up a his fingers had been the teeth of steel that laid
colors. See, Lewis: brown, and purple, and
BUILDING CONTEXT
“Joe.”
interest in him.
electricity from the city.
electricity from the city.
basket of fruit, go out; come back, pick up
can be found in the Teacher’s Resource
orange, and yellow.”
“Sayest thou so?” replied he of the serpent, communion wine with me; the selectmen of you, she might ask whom I was consorting with So saying, he threw it down at her feet, Then, they could pair with a partner to him low. Ellison did not publish many books,
“Joe Kanty? How come?”
169
168
Titles are extremely important in many
Materials.
magazines, and on till everything had been
smiling apart. “Let us walk on, nevertheless, divers towns make me their chairman; and a and whither I was going.” where, perhaps, it assumed life, being one of the • • • discuss the symbolic representation of this The cooling board consisted of three
“Walter, Ah b’leeve Ah will walk up thata way
so you could have groups of students do
so you could have groups of students do
literary works and often provide insights
reasoning as we go; and if I convince thee not majority of the Great and General Court are firm “Be it so,” said his fellow-traveller. “Betake rods which its owner had formerly lent to the motif. Does it always mean the same thing? sixteen-inch boards on saw horses, a dingy sheet
carried out; then he would start all over again.
an’ set. Lena would like it Ah reckon.”
a quick search for each and report back
a quick search for each and report back
The little boy pointed and paused after naming
Check for Understanding: These notes are short check-in questions and
thou shalt turn back. We are but a little way in supporters of my interest. The governor and I, you to the woods, and let me keep the path.” Egyptian magi. Of this fact, however, Goodman Are there opposing forces at work within to the class about the topic and subject
“But whut did he say, ’Lige?”
into characters and themes. While all was his shroud.
to the class about the topic and subject
each color, his finger bent against the glass of
students know the literal meaning of
the forest yet.” too — But these are state secrets.” Accordingly the young man turned aside, Brown could not take cognizance. He had cast this single image? Elijah did not answer until they had left the 55 The women ate heartily of the funeral baked 60
information about key features of a reading — such as main arguments,
matter: the novel
matter: the novel Invisible Man (1952);
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
the train window. The baby repeated the colors
“Too far! too far!” exclaimed the goodman, “Can this be so?” cried Goodman Brown, but took care to watch his companion, who up his eyes in astonishment, and, looking down lighted store and were strolling down the dark
“interpreter,” they might not know the meats and wondered who would be Lena’s next.
his unfinished second novel, published in
1 Someone who sells newspapers and snacks on trains. — Eds.
05_SheaLitComp3e_28114_ch04_164_327.indd 168 08/12/21 11:10 AM 05_SheaLitComp3e_28114_ch04_164_327.indd 169 after him, looking intently for Jack Frost. 08/12/21 11:10 AM his unfinished second novel, published in
meaning of the word “malady.” If students
unconsciously resuming his walk. “My father with a stare of amazement at his undisturbed advanced softly along the road until he had again, beheld neither Goody Cloyse nor the rhetorical strategies, supporting evidence, and vocabulary — that are
Elijah’s comments in the third paragraph
The men whispered coarse conjectures between
street.
abridged form as Juneteenth (1999) and
abridged form as
look up the definition, they will see that it
never went into the woods on such an errand, companion. “Howbeit, I have nothing to do with come within a staff’s length of the old dame. serpentine staff, but his fellow-traveller alone, essential for students to grasp in order to fully engage with the text. These
of section IV are crucial, and the dialect
in a more complete form as
“Ah wuz loadin’ a wagon wid scantlin’
guzzles of whiskey.
in a more complete form as Three Days
traditionally refers to a physical illness, but
might obscure them for some students. Be
nor his father before him. We have been a race of the governor and council; they have their own She, meanwhile, was making the best of her way, who waited for him as calmly as if nothing had right near the saw when Spunk fell on the Before the Shooting . . . (2010); the post-
Before the Shooting . . .
1925
it can also refer to nonphysical ailments.
honest men and good Christians since the days ways, and are no rule for a simple husbandman with singular speed for so aged a woman, and happened. sure students understand that Elijah says notes are often found in key places that might cause confusion for students.
186
humous story collection Flying Home and
humous story collection
187
that Spunk died wicked, believing he was
of the martyrs; and shall I be the first of the like me. But, were I to go on with thee, how mumbling some indistinct words — a prayer, “That old woman taught me my catechism,” You may want to introduce a short class Other Stories
Other Stories (1996); the essay collections
6 Going or crossing “over Jordan” is a common euphemism for dying
discussion about possibilities, just to get
murdered.
name of Brown that ever took this path and should I meet the eye of that good old man, our doubtless — as she went. The traveller put forth said the young man; and there was a world of 4 A haint, or ghost. — Eds. and passing into the afterlife. It derives from the Old Testament
Shadow and Act
Shadow and Act (1964) and Going to the
story in which the Jewish people crossed over the Jordan River to
5 Witty banter. — Eds.
kept — ” minister, at Salem village? Oh, his voice would his staff and touched her withered neck with meaning in this simple comment. them thinking about multiple facets of finally reach freedom after fleeing slavery in Egypt. — Eds.
Territory (1986).
Territory
“Such company, thou wouldst say,” make me tremble both Sabbath day and what seemed the serpent’s tail. They continued to walk onward, while the “malady” before they begin the story.
08/12/21 11:11 AM
05_SheaLitComp3e_28114_ch04_164_327.indd 187
observed the elder person, interpreting his lecture day.” 05_SheaLitComp3e_28114_ch04_164_327.indd 186 “The devil!” screamed the pious old lady. 30 elder traveller exhorted his companion to make CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING 08/12/21 11:11 AM
CLOSE READING
210
pause. “Well said, Goodman Brown! I have Thus far the elder traveller had listened with “Then Goody Cloyse knows her old friend?” good speed and persevere in the path, BUILDING CONTEXT The first sentence of paragraph 38 may
been as well acquainted with your family as due gravity; but now burst into a fit of observed the traveller, confronting her and discoursing so aptly that his arguments seemed confuse students, so it is worth parsing BUILDING CONTEXT
To help students understand the setting and
The vivid imagery in the first paragraph could
with ever a one among the Puritans; and that’s irrepressible mirth, shaking himself so violently leaning on his writhing stick. rather to spring up in the bosom of his auditor with it. Ask them to identify the antecedent You might choose to have students read
the historical context, you might have them
also have symbolic undertones. You could
no trifle to say. I helped your grandfather, the that his snake-like staff actually seemed to “Ah, forsooth, and is it your worship than to be suggested by himself. As they went, of each pronoun and who the “auditor” is. the introduction to the Texts in Context on
call students’ attention to the use of “white”
use their devices to search for images of
constable, when he lashed the Quaker woman wriggle in sympathy. indeed?” cried the good dame. “Yea, truly is it, he plucked a branch of maple to serve for a Working through the pronoun identifications the Harlem Renaissance that follows this
“coal trains 1920s” and “train segregation
and “colored” in the context of a story set
08/12/21 11:12 AM
05_SheaLitComp3e_28114_ch04_164_327.indd 210
DIFFERENTIATION
so smartly through the streets of Salem; and it “Ha! ha! ha!” shouted he again and again; and in the very image of my old gossip, walking stick, and began to strip it of the twigs is a good close reading strategy and one DIFFERENTIATION
story (pp. 197–199) before they read “Boy
1920s.” After students have read the first
in a segregated train. They could do a quick
®
was I that brought your father a pitch-pine then composing himself, “Well, go on, Goodman Goodman Brown, the grandfather of the silly and little boughs, which were wet with evening that can be useful in AP multiple-choice on a Train.” It provides historical context for
free-write exploring possible implications,
five to ten paragraphs, you could have them
Speaking and Listening
Connections to Texts
knot, kindled at my own hearth, to set fire to an Brown, go on; but, prithee, don’t kill me with fellow that now is. But — would your worship dew. The moment his fingers touched them they questions. and then return to it after having finished the the story and for Ellison as a writer.
pick a photo or image that they think best
2
Indian village, in King Philip’s war. They were laughing.” believe it? — my broomstick hath strangely became strangely withered and dried up as with Elijah says that he believes that Joe pushed Hurston’s reference to “the funeral baked
corresponds to the story and explain why.
story to see if the rest of the plot supported
my good friends, both; and many a pleasant “Well, then, to end the matter at once,” said disappeared, stolen, as I suspect, by that a week’s sunshine. Thus the pair proceeded, at a Spunk. Spunk believes in the ghost, too. meats” in the last paragraph slyly alludes
their predictions. Before doing this activity,
walk have we had along this path, and returned Goodman Brown, considerably nettled, “there is unhanged witch, Goody Cory, and that, too, good free pace, until suddenly, in a gloomy Students could debate the use of the to another story in which a murdered man
you may want to discuss the historical terms
TE-viii
Guide to the Teacher’s Edition
merrily after midnight. I would fain be friends my wife, Faith. It would break her dear little when I was all anointed with the juice of hollow of the road, Goodman Brown sat himself supernatural and the folkloric elements of the returns as a ghost. In Hamlet (Chapter 6,
for race used in the story. Paragraph 7 uses
169
chapter 4 / Jhumpa Lahiri
with you for their sake.” heart; and I’d rather break my own.” smallage, and cinquefoil, and wolf’s-bane —” down on the stump of a tree and refused to go story. Have some students analyze the story p. 555), Hamlet says to Horatio, “The funeral
the terms “colored” and “Negro” and offers
an opportunity to explore the contrasting
“Nay, if that be the case,” answered the other, 25 “Mingled with fine wheat and the fat of a any farther. using evidence that Joe literally haunts Spunk. baked meats / Did coldly furnish forth the
“e’en go thy ways, Goodman Brown. I would not new-born babe,” said the shape of old Goodman “Friend,” he said, stubbornly, “my mind is Ask others to analyze it from the perspective that marriage tables.” If students have read
usages. You might think about how to best
1 Know. — Eds.
2 War between American Indians and New England colonists from 1675 Brown.
address and contextualize these issues with
to 1678. The American Indian leader was known as Metacom, or King for twenty old women like the one hobbling made up. Not another step will I budge on this Spunk may believe he is haunted even if he isn’t. Hamlet, you might ask them how that allusion
your student population.
Philip. — Eds. before us that Faith should come to any harm.” errand. What if a wretched old woman do Have the students focus on what the perspective reinforces the themes of Hurston’s story.
3 Short for “goodwife,” archaic form of missus. — Eds.
they are using reveals about the characters
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05_SheaTEL&C3e_40437_ch04_164_327_3pp.indd 169 08/01/22 8:50 AM 07/03/22 1:04 PM
218 219 of Spunk, Joe, and the community. Then, have
students compare interpretations. Ask if they find
chapter 4 / Ralph Ellison one is more persuasive than the other: how 187
do these various interpretations affect students’
understanding of the story’s themes?
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DIFFERENTIATION
Connections to Texts 210 chapter 4 / Identity and Culture
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Writers have been fascinated with the idea however, are probably familiar with more
of making a pact with the devil for hundreds recent titles, including: The Witch, Spawn,
of years. Some students might be familiar Ghost Rider, and O Brother, Where Art Thou?
with the Elizabethan tragedy The Tragical You might have students read a scene
History of the Life and Death of Dr. Faustus from another work depicting the devil or
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by Christopher Marlowe, or with Goethe’s view a scene from one of the movies listed 08/01/22 8:52 AM
play Faust. Washington Irving’s “The Devil above for the class and ask them to compare
and Tom Walker” and Stephen Vincent and contrast depictions of sin, the devil,
Benet’s “The Devil and Daniel Webster” are and temptation in each work. (The “live
short stories in which Lucifer plays a role. deliciously” scene near the end of The Witch,
Representations of the devil abound in film, in which the devil — disguised as the family’s
and clips from classics such as Rosemary’s goat — speaks directly to the protagonist,
Baby are available online. More students, could work well for this.)
chapter 4 / Nathaniel Hawthorne 219
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