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®
Preparing for the AP Exam
Copyright (c) 2023 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Uncorrected proofs were used with this sample chapter.
Four-Step Process
Each unit includes a free-response writing workshop aligned with the AP®
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English Literature and Composition units. Students will practice the same four-
step process while building their skills, depth of analysis, and sophistication.

Step Poetry and Prose Analysis Literary Argument
1 Annotate the Passage Based on a Determine a Unifying Idea and Brainstorm Relevant
Unifying Idea Examples from a Text
2 Develop a Defensible Claim and a Unified Line of Reasoning
3 Choose Relevant Evidence
5 Develop Your Commentary

Instruction in Writing Free-Response Essays
This invaluable section is more than just test prep. It’s a detailed guide to writing
for the AP® Exam. Each Preparing for the AP® Exam section begins with a mini
workshop on a key AP® Exam writing skill.
Each workshop includes an annotated sample prompt that models the steps
in the process and a practice prompt for students to practice their writing.

Unit Essay Type Key Skill
1 Prose Fiction Establishing a Unifying Idea through a Defensible
Thesis Statement
2 Poetry Analysis Justifying a Thesis through a Line of Reasoning
3 Literary Argument Explaining an Interpretation through Commentary
4 Prose Fiction Creating Unity through Commentary
5 Poetry Analysis Creating Coherence through Transitional Elements
6 Literary Argument Writing Commentary with Purposeful Syntax
7 Prose Fiction Writing Introductions
8 Poetry Analysis Writing Conclusions
9 Literary Argument Considering Alternate Interpretations

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