Achieve for Everything's an Argument with Readings (2-Term Online; International Edition)

Ninth Edition

Publication Date: July 28, 2022

Achieve ISBN: 9781319517052

EVERYTHING you need to teach argument, now with Achieve

A streamlined argument guide plus provocative thematic reader, Everything’s an Argument with Readings helps students understand and analyze the arguments around them as well as create their own. Lucid explanations with contemporary examples cover classical rhetoric of oration through the...

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ISBN: 9781319517052
Achieve for Everything's an Argument with Readings (2-Term Online; International Edition)

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Preface

PART 1: Reading and Understanding Arguments

1. Understanding Arguments and Reading Them Critically
Everything Is an Argument
Reading Arguments Rhetorically and Critically
Listening to Arguments Rhetorically and Respectfully
Why We Make Arguments
Occasions for Argument
Kinds of Argument
STASIS QUESTIONS AT WORK
Appealing to Audiences
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Considering Whats "Normal"

2. Arguments Based on Emotion: Pathos
Reading Critically for Pathos
Using Emotions to Build Bridges
Using Emotions to Sustain an Argument
Using Humor
Using Arguments Based on Emotion

3. Arguments Based on Character: Ethos
Thinking Critically about Arguments Based on Character
Establishing Trustworthiness and Credibility
Claiming Authority
Coming Clean about Motives
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Ethos

4. Arguments Based on Facts and Reason: Logos
Spotting Fake News
Thinking Critically about Hard Evidence
Using Reason and Common Sense
Providing Logical Structures for Argument
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Logos

5. Fallacies of Argument
Fallacies of Emotional Argument
Fallacies of Ethical Argument
Fallacies of Logical Argument

6. Rhetorical Analysis
Composing a Rhetorical Analysis: Reading and Viewing Critically
Understanding the Purpose of Arguments You Are Analyzing
Understanding Who Makes an Argument
Identifying and Appealing to Audiences
Examining Arguments Based on Emotion: Pathos
Examining Arguments Based on Character: Ethos
Examining Arguments Based on Facts and Reason: Logos
Examining the Arrangement and Media of Arguments
Looking at Style
Examining a Rhetorical Analysis
*Kevin Garcia, Can You Lose a Language You Never Knew?
*Marielys Diaz, The Loss of a Language Kevin Garcia Never Knew: A Rhetorical Analysis
GUIDE TO WRITING A RHETORICAL ANALYSIS

PART 2: Writing Arguments

7. Structuring Arguments
The Classical Oration
Rogerian Argument
A Sample Rogerian Argument
*Pamela Paresky and Bradley Campbell, Safetyism Isn’t the Problem
Invitational Argument
Toulmin Argument
A Toulmin Analysis
Stephen L. Carter, Offensive Speech Is Free Speech. If Only We’d Listen.
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Organization

8. Arguments of Fact
Understanding Arguments of Fact
Characterizing Factual Arguments
Developing a Factual Argument
GUIDE TO WRITING AN ARGUMENT OF FACT
Two Sample Factual Arguments
*Makiya Lineberger, A Change in Education: The Benefits of Online vs. In-Class Learning (student essay)
*Simón(e) D Sun, Stop Using Phony Science to Justify Transphobia

9. Arguments of Definition
Understanding Arguments of Definition
Kinds of Definition
Developing a Definitional Argument
GUIDE TO WRITING AN ARGUMENT OF DEFINITION
Two Sample Definitional Arguments
Natasha Rodriguez, Who Are You Calling Underprivileged? (student essay)
Rob Jenkins, Defining the Relationship

10. Evaluations
Understanding Evaluations
Criteria of Evaluation
Characterizing Evaluation
Developing an Evaluative Argument
GUIDE TO WRITING AN EVALUATION
Two Sample Evaluations
Jenny Kim, The Toxicity in Learning (student essay)
*Christopher Orr, The Secret of Scooby-Doo’s Enduring Appeal

11. Causal Arguments
Understanding Causal Arguments
Characterizing Causal Arguments
Developing Causal Arguments
GUIDE TO WRITING A CAUSAL ARGUMENT
Two Sample Causal Arguments
Laura Tarrant, Forever Alone (and Perfectly Fine) (student essay)
Pascal-Emmanuel Gobry, America’s Birthrate Is Now a National Emergency

12. Proposals
Understanding and Categorizing Proposals
Characterizing Proposals
Developing Proposals
GUIDE TO WRITING A PROPOSAL
Two Sample Proposals
Caleb Wong, Addiction to Social Media: How to Overcome It (student essay)
Associated Students of the University of California, Proposal to Make Election Day a Non-Instructional Day

PART 3: Style and Presentation in Arguments

13. Style in Arguments
Style and Word Choice
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Pronouns
Sentence Structure and Argument
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: “Standard,” “Formal,” and Other Conventions
Punctuation and Argument
Special Effects: Figurative Language

14. Visual Rhetoric
The Power of Visual Arguments
Using Visuals in Your Own Arguments

15. Presenting Arguments
Class and Public Discussions
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Speaking Up in Class
Preparing a Presentation
Poster Sessions: Oral Presentations in Academic Settings
Webcasts: Live Presentations on the Internet

16. New Media and Multimodal Arguments
Old Media Transformed by New Media
READING IN PRINT VS. ONLINE
New Content in New Media
New Audiences in New Media
Analyzing Arguments in New Media
Making New Media and Multimodal Arguments

PART 4: Research and Arguments

17. Academic Arguments
Understanding What Academic Argument Is
Conventions in Academic Argument Are Not Static
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Considering English(es)
Developing an Academic Argument
Two Sample Academic Arguments
Charlotte Geaghan-Breiner, Where the Wild Things Should Be: Healing Nature Deficit Disorder through the Schoolyard (student essay)
Sidra Montgomery, The Emotion Work of “Thank You for Your Service”

18. Finding Evidence
Considering the Rhetorical Situation
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: The Rhetorical Situation
Searching Effectively
SEARCHING ONLINE OR IN DATABASES
Collecting Data on Your Own
Draw Upon Narratives as Evidence

19. Evaluating Sources
Identifying Bias
Assessing Sources
Practicing Crap Detection
CASE STUDY: Lateral Reading
Assessing Field Research

20. Using Sources
Practicing Infotention
Building a Critical Mass
Synthesizing Information

21. Maintaining Academic Integrity and Crediting Sources
CULTURAL CONTEXTS FOR ARGUMENT: Intellectual Property and Remix Culture
Crediting Sources
WHAT COPYRIGHT DOESN’T PROTECT
Getting Permission for and Using Copyrighted Internet Sources
Acknowledging Your Sources Accurately and Appropriately
Crediting Collaborators

22. Documenting Sources
MLA Style
APA Style

PART 5: Arguments

23. How Does Popular Culture Stereotype You?
D.K., Shooting Guns: It’s Rather Fun, Actually
Making a Visual Argument
Sonny Assu, Breakfast Series
Nicole Pasulka, How a Bible-Belt Evangelical Church Embraced Gay Rights
*Abeer Yusuf, Finally, There’s a Bechdel Test for Muslim Representation
*Ella Houston, Featuring Disabled Women in Advertisements: The Commodification of Diversity?
*Grace S. Yang, Bryan Gibson, Adam K. Lueke, L. Rowell Huesmann, and Brad J. Bushman, Effects of Avatar Race in Violent Video Games on Racial Attitudes and Aggression

24. How Does the Internet Change Our Behavior?
*Elizabeth Heath, Why Funny Animal Videos Are Good for You
Making a Visual Argument: Humor Online
*@rajaravivarmamemes, Raja Ravi Varma Memes
*Nicole Tersigni, from Men to Avoid in Art and Life
*Jennifer Liu, What Happens When Toxic Office Behavior Moves Online While Working from Home
*Robin Lake and Alvin Makori, The Digital Divide among Students during COVID-19: Who Has Access? Who Doesn’t?
*Ross Douthat, 10 Theses about Cancel Culture
*Danah Boyd, Hacking the Attention Economy

25. How Does Language Influence Our World?
Japanese American Citizens League, from The Power of Words
*Katy Steinmetz, Why “They” Is Here to Stay
Roxane Gay, The Careless Language of Sexual Violence
Making a Visual Argument
*U.S. Census Bureau, English and Other Languages in the United States
John McWhorter, Thick of Tongue
*Jason Sarkozi-Forfinski, Speak English or Else You’ll Be Put on Dish Duty!

26. How Free Should Campus Speech Be?
John Palfrey, Safe Spaces, Brave Spaces
*Poll Gallup/Knight Foundation, The First Amendment on Campus 2020 Report: College Students’ Views of Free Expression
Making a Visual Argument
*Jason Jiang, But I Didn’t Mean It Like That
Scott O. Lilienfeld, Why a Moratorium on Microaggressions Is Needed
*Judy Gold, Say That Again, and I’ll Wash Your Mouth Out with Soap
*Ulrich Baer, A Slippery Slope, or Who Is to Draw the Line?

27. How Do Symbols Function in Times of Division?
*Carolina A. Miranda, The Capitol, “Symbol of Democracy,” Has a Troubled History
*Elliot Ackerman, The Confederate Monuments We Shouldn’t Tear Down
*Olga Khazan, Why People Loot
*Steven Reidbord, Antisocial Masking Disorder
Making a Visual Argument: Op-Ed Cartoons and the Use of Symbols
           *Jeff Koterba, Remote Learning and the Internet
           *Patrick Chappatte, Back to Normal?
           *Felipe Galindo, Corona on the US Flag
           *Dario Castillejos, Monument to Racism
*Viet Thanh Nguyen, Asian Americans Are Still Caught in the Trap of the “Model Minority” Stereotype. And It Creates Inequality for All.

Glossary
Index

A student-friendly guide establishes key argument concepts:

Part 1 covers fallacies of argument; appeals to pathos, ethos, and logos; Toulmin, Rogerian, and invitational argument; and rhetorical analysis.
Part 2 focuses on five common types of argument: arguments of fact, arguments of definition, evaluations, causal arguments, and proposals.
Part 3 covers presentations, visual rhetoric, and multimodal arguments, to address the full range of media.
Part 4 guides students in research for academic arguments, including finding, evaluating, integrating, and documenting sources and avoiding plagiarism.

A commitment to diverse perspectives and contexts helps students resist one-dimensional or biased arguments. Examples from authors and students of different nationalities, political parties, races, genders, and experiences illustrate the instructional concepts, and Cultural Context for Argument boxes offer suggestions on how to think critically about argument for inclusive audiences.

A wealth of provocative examples shows argument in the real world, from politics and economics to journalism and media.

Short, snappy examples, from Instagram quotes to protest posters, weave in the debates that rage around us.
In Part 2, two longer model essays in each chapter — one by a published author and one by a student writer — exemplify each type of argument.

Five chapters of readings in Part 5 illustrate contemporary arguments across the political and social spectrum.

Drawing from scholarly books to magazine articles and blogs, these chapters offer a rich array of arguments in multiple genres that are now clearly marked and discussed rhetorically in each selection headnote.
Timely topics engage student interest, from the psychological value of funny animal videos to explorations of language’s power to cause harm or “cancellation.”
Helpful cross-references in the margins link the guide and the readings to reinforce important concepts.

Bright visuals and a bold design build students’ knowledge of visual rhetoric, teaching them to recognize distinctions in genre and design.

Achieve with Everything’s an Argument with Readings is now available! This flexible digital solution includes the e-book paired with writing tools developed to support feedback, peer review, source check, revision, and reflection. Activities and assessments are designed to engage students and save you time:

Pre-built and fully customizable writing assignments for each Guide to Writing in the text
Interactive tutorials that engage students with important critical reading concepts: rhetorical analysis, identifying claims and support, evaluating sources, identifying bias, and reading laterally.
Brief quizzes that test students’ comprehension of chapter content and of each reading selection
LearningCurve — adaptive, game-like practice — that helps students master important argument concepts, including fallacies, claims, and evidence
And more!

A new focus on lateral reading, a strategy that helps students evaluate sources in today’s fast-paced media landscape, builds information literacy with a clear approach for determining the reliability and accuracy of their research.

Five new full-length models in the guide exemplify current, real-world arguments by type, including:

Simon(e) D Sun’s argument of fact that cites abundant scientific studies to call for an end to “phony science” that justifies transphobia.
Kevin Garcia’s narrative argument of the relationship between language and Latinx identity, paired with a student rhetorical analysis demonstrating how to perform a careful, close reading of the rhetorical situation.
Pamela Paresky and Bradley Campbell’s argument about “safetyism” in the COVID-19 pandemic, employing Rogerian strategies of recognizing opposing sides of an argument and finding common ground.

Three new annotated student essays address topics students care about, including a new rhetorical analysis on the relationship between language and cultural identity, a factual argument on the benefits of virtual learning, and a sample MLA-style academic argument on representations of the body positivity movement in popular culture.

Thirty-two new arguments on hot-button issues such as free speech, political divisions, COVID-19, language, online behavior and ethics, and pop-culture stereotypes. Selections represent a range of genres and span the full gamut of social and political views, including:

An academic argument featuring qualitative research on how women with disabilities feel about their representation in advertisements
Memes that mix humor and fine art to comment on misogyny in two different cultures
A critical analysis of the symbolic work the category “model minority” does in American society from Pulitzer-Prize‒winner Viet Thanh Nguyen

Updated MLA and APA formatting and citation sections provide up-to-date guidelines for writing in MLA (2021) and APA (2020) style, the text’s thorough advice and plenty of models help students work within multiple disciplines.

Ideas in the instructor’s notes for teaching online include a suggestion for teaching each Respond activity in an online or asynchronous format, and a new syllabus provides an outline for teaching Achieve for Everything’s an Argument.

Andrea A. Lunsford

Andrea Lunsford, Louise Hewlett Nixon Professor of English emerita and former Director of the Program in Writing and Rhetoric at Stanford University, joined the Stanford faculty in 2000. Prior to this appointment, she was Distinguished Professor of English at The Ohio State University (1986-2000) and, before that, Associate Professor and Director of Writing at the University of British Columbia (1977-86) and Associate Professor of English at Hillsborough Community College. A frequent member of the faculty of the Bread Loaf School of English, Andrea earned her B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of Florida and completed her Ph.D. in English at The Ohio State University (1977). She holds honorary degrees from Middlebury College and The University of Ôrebro.

Andreas scholarly interests include the contributions of women and people of color to rhetorical history, theory, and practice; collaboration and collaborative writing, comics/graphic narratives; translanguaging and style, and technologies of writing. She has written or coauthored many books, including Essays on Classical Rhetoric and Modern Discourse; Singular Texts/Plural Authors: Perspectives on Collaborative Writing; and Reclaiming Rhetorica: Women in the History of Rhetoric, as well as numerous chapters and articles. For Bedford/St. Martin’s, she is the author of The St. Martins Handbook, The Everyday Writer, and EasyWriter; the co-author (with John Ruszkiewicz) of Everything’s an Argument and (with John Ruszkiewicz and Keith Walters) of Everything’s an Argument with Readings; and the co-author (with Lisa Ede) of Writing Together: Collaboration in Theory and Practice. She is also a regular contributor to the Bits teaching blog on Bedford/St. Martin’s English Community site.

Andrea has given presentations and workshops on the changing nature and scope of writing and critical language awareness at scores of North American universities, served as Chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication, as Chair of the Modern Language Association Division on Writing, and as a member of the MLA Executive Council. In her spare time, she serves on the Board of La Casa Roja’s Next Generation Leadership Network, as Chair of the Kronos Quartet Performing Arts Association--and works diligently if not particularly well in her communal organic garden.

John J. Ruszkiewicz

John J. Ruszkiewicz is a professor emeritus at the University of Texas at Austin where he taught literature, rhetoric, and writing for forty years. A winner of the President’s Associates Teaching Excellence Award, he was instrumental in creating the Department of Rhetoric and Writing in 1993 and directed the unit from 2001-05. He has also served as president of the Conference of College Teachers of English (CCTE) of Texas, which gave him its Frances Hernández Teacher—Scholar Award in 2012. For Bedford/St. Martins, he is coauthor, with Andrea Lunsford, of Everything’s an Argument and the author of How to Write Anything. In retirement, he writes the mystery novels under the pen name J.J. Rusz; the most recent, The Lost Mine Trail, published in 2020 on Amazon.

Keith Walters

Keith Walters is professor of applied linguistics at Portland State University. Much of his research focuses on language and identity in North Africa, especially Tunisia, and the United States. He has also taught freshman composition and English as a second/foreign language.

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