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limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of   And my mother was standing in the back
                                                    4
                                                         her English. I believed that her English reflected   whispering loudly, “Why he don’t send me
               DIFFERENTIATION                      Identity  the quality of what she had to say. That is,   check, already two weeks late. So mad he lie to
                                                         because she expressed them imperfectly her   me, losing me money.”
               Scaffolding                               thoughts were imperfect. And I had plenty of   And then I said in perfect English, “Yes, I’m
               Tan’s reference to “empirical evidence” in   empirical evidence to support me: the fact that   getting rather concerned. You had agreed to
               paragraph 9 provides an opportunity for   people in department stores, at banks, and at   send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t
               you to reinforce how different types of   restaurants did not take her seriously, did not   arrived.”
                 evidence support claims in an argument.   give her good service, pretended not to under-  Then she began to talk more loudly. “What
                Copyright (c) 2023 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Uncorrected proofs have been used for this sample chapter.
               You may refer back to the discussion of   stand her, or even acted as if they did not hear   he want, I come to New York tell him front of his
               personal observation and personal         her.                             boss, you cheating me.” And I was trying to calm
                 experience as evidence in Chapter 2 (p. 68).    My mother has long realized the limitations   10  her down, make her be quiet, while telling the
                 experience as evidence in Chapter 2 (p. 68).
                                                         of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she   stockbroker, “I can’t tolerate any more excuses.
                                                         used to have me call people on the phone to pre-  If I don’t receive the check immediately, I am
                                                         tend I was she. In this guise, I was forced to ask   going to have to speak to your manager when
                   Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Strictly for use with its products. Not for redistribution.
                                                         for information or even to complain and yell at   I’m in New York next week.” And sure enough,
                                                         people who had been rude to her. One time it   the following week there we were in front of this
                                                         was a call to her stockbroker in New York. She   astonished stockbroker, and I was sitting there
                                                         had cashed out her small portfolio and it just so   red-faced and quiet, and my mother, the real
                                                         happened we were going to go to New York the   Mrs. Tan, was shouting at his boss in her impec-
                                                         next week, our very first trip outside California.   cable broken English.
                                                         I had to get on the phone and say in an adoles -  We used a similar routine just five days ago,
                                                         cent voice that was not very convincing, “This is   for a situation that was far less humorous. My
                                                         Mrs. Tan.”                       mother had gone to the hospital for an




                                                           The work shown here,
                                                           created by British artist
                                                           Anya Gallaccio in 1997, is
                                                           a color screenprint on
                                                           white paper depicting
                                                           portraits of figures in the
                                                           art world. Its title is Broken
                                                           English. Notice that some
                                                           portraits overlap or are
                                                           upside down, with the glue                                   All rights reserved, DACS 2018/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York. Courtesy  of the artist © Anya Gallaccio, and Lehmann Maupin Gallery, New York and Hong
                                                           showing at the back.
                                                           What does this work
                                                           suggest about the
                                                           relationship between
                                                           identity and language?
                                                           Would Amy Tan agree
                                                           with the message it                                             Kong. © Tate, London 2017.
                                                           conveys? Explain why or
                                                           why not.

                                                   176




                                                 05_sheatlc4e_40925_ch04_170_315.indd   176                               12/10/22   2:33 PM
                                                 DIFFERENTIATION
                                                 Connections to World
                                                 To extend a discussion of Gallaccio’s image,
                                                 you might have students do some quick
                                                 research into the context of Broken English.
                                                 It was part of a larger exhibit of the same title,
                                                 and the rhetorical situation broadens the sub-
                                                 ject of “English” from language to British
                                                 identity. Students could discuss how the rhe-
                                                 torical situation impacts the meaning of the
                                                 piece if it is displayed in a British art gallery
                                                 as opposed to embedded within Tan’s essay,
                                                 in an American textbook.







               176                                                                                     chapter 4  / Identity






          05_sheatlcte4e_46921_ch04_170a_315_2pp.indd   176                                                             1/20/23   7:43 PM
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