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AP TIP In this passage, Miss Brill (whose first name is never revealed) feels Derbyshire could then save him from having a being introduced to any other lady, and spent 1
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like part of the world she is observing. Priding herself on her ability most forbidding, disagreeable countenance, the rest of the evening in walking about the
Remember, point of view
creates meaning because it to notice the rich details all around her, she does not see herself and being unworthy to be compared with his room, speaking occasionally to one of his own chapter 1
reflects what the author wants as a solitary or pitiful figure. We get to know her as a vibrant, joyful, friend. party. His character was decided. He was the
to convey. For instance, appreciative, perhaps even contemplative person. Soon after, Mr. Bingley had soon made himself proudest, most disagreeable man in the world,
first-person offers a sense however, she overhears a young couple laughing at her, a slight that acquainted with all the principal people in the and everybody hoped that he would never come
of immediacy, drawing the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced there again. Amongst the most violent against Section 1 / Elements of Fiction DIFFERENTIATION
reader in, while third-person causes her to question whether she really has a part in this world
narration can seem honest that belongs to the young. We never know the motivation or level of every dance, was angry that the ball closed so him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his
and less biased. awareness of any other character because the third-person limited early, and talked of giving one himself at general behaviour was sharpened into particular Mode of Expression
Analyzing Short Fiction
omniscient point of view is that of Miss Brill. As you consider the Netherfield. Such amiable qualities must speak resentment by his having slighted one of her You may wish to ask students to first
excerpt from “Miss Brill,” think about how much more connected for themselves. What a contrast between him daughters. storyboard this classic scene in small
we would feel to Miss Brill as a character were she the one sharing her story with us. We and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced only once with 1813 groups, and then act out their scene in
would, however, also be trapped within her perspective, and we would only experience Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined class. Students might consider how point
what she experiences. A third person limited perspective, such as the one Mansfield of view and perspective are shaped by
camera angles (close, medium, long),
chooses here, means the narrator can zoom in to share more details and zoom out to Consider, too, places where the narrator of Pride and Prejudice provides more printed storyboards. distribute.
share the larger picture. objective commentary that merely recounts other characters’ interpretations of each editing cuts, costumes, hair, makeup, and
sound using Storyboard That (online) or
Another variation on the third-person perspective involves an omniscient narrator. other. For example, the first details we read about Mr. Darcy largely come from others in
© Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. For review purposes only. Do not
This perspective gives readers access to what multiple characters are thinking and attendance at the ball even if through the narrator. While we know as readers that the
feeling. Some omniscient narrators remain objective, recount only what characters say information is being conveyed from the point of view of other people, the details and
and do, and offer no analysis of events or insight into characters’ thinking. As a result, vivid language that describe Mr. Darcy encourage readers to share that same first
all interpretations are left to the reader. Other omniscient narrators provide subjective impression. DIFFERENTIATION
interpretations in addition to relating events in the narrative. In the novel Pride and Speaking and Listening
Prejudice, for example, the omniscient narrator adds commentary while describing
characters, such as in the passage below when the narrator offers details about Mr. KEY QUESTIONS After guiding students through this
Bingley’s physical appearance and personality before introducing Bingley’s sisters, Analyzing Narrative Perspective and Point of View passage, play two film versions of this
scene from Pride and Prejudice. Ask
brother-in-law, and friend. As you read the passage, look for additional places the • Is the point of view first person (I, we) or third person (he, she, it)? students to consider how point of view and
narrator infuses the commentary with a more personal, subjective tone than an perspective are shaped by camera angles,
impartial, objective one. • Is the narrator a participant or an observer in the story?
• How does the narrator’s perspective influence readers’ experiences of the story? editing cuts, and facial expressions in both
• Does the point of view or perspective ever shift? If so, what is the effect? versions. Then, ask students to debate
from Pride and Prejudice • How do the point of view and perspective shape what you learn about the story’s which version is more effective.
characters and setting, and how do they affect the story’s structure and plot?
Jane Austen
Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike; of his having ten thousand a year. The gentlemen DIFFERENTIATION
he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, pronounced him to be a fine figure of a man, the Scaffolding
unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women, ladies declared he was much handsomer than
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with an air of decided fashion. His brother-in-law, Mr. Bingley, and he was looked at with great Analyzing Narrative Perspective and Point of View activity AP Teaching Tip. You may wish to ask
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Mr. Hurst, merely looked the gentleman; but his admiration for about half the evening, till his The following excerpt is from the opening of The Round House by Louise Erdrich. Joe students to explore the 1997 AP Literary
friend Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the manners gave a disgust which turned the tide Coutts, the main character, is helping his father do yard work around their home on an Argument Prompt that asks students to
room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, of his popularity; for he was discovered to be unnamed American Indian reservation in North Dakota. What effect does first-person consider the significance of ceremonies.
noble mien, and the report which was in general proud; to be above his company, and above point of view have on this passage? What does it reveal about Joe’s perspective? Because the prompt and materials have
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circulation within five minutes after his entrance, being pleased; and not all his large estate in (continued) not been posted to AP Central, they may
wish to consider this retrofitted prompt:
“1997. Novels and plays often include
16 17 scenes of weddings, funerals, parties, and
other social occasions. Such scenes may
reveal the values of the characters and the
society in which they live. Select a novel or
play that includes such a scene and, in a
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TRM Suggested Responses well-written essay, analyze the contribution
Suggested responses to the activity on this the scene makes to an interpretation of the
page can be found in the Teacher’s Resource work as a whole.”
Materials.

chapter 1 / Elements of Fiction 17

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