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188 Unit 2 ■ Analyzing Comparisons and Representations Composition Workshop ■ Writing about Tone 189 UNIT 2

• References and their antecedents whose associations reveal an idea or insight
INSIDER Shifts in tone contribute to complexity. For your • Repetition of words or letter sounds that convey a tone, emphasize an idea, COMPOSITION WORKSHOP

AP ® TIP tone analysis, your line of reasoning will likely be guided or lead to insight
either by the author’s techniques that contribute to your
understanding of the tone or by a shift from one tone to • Similes (comparisons of unlike things using “like” or “as”) that relate to an
another. You can choose either of these options to focus your paragraph on idea and insight
the tone and your unifying idea. • Metaphors (comparisons of unlike things) that relate to an idea and insight
In choosing textual evidence or details from the passage, make sure that you
arrange those details into the related body paragraphs. Next, link your evidence to
your thesis by briefly explaining the function of your evidence in relation to the
® SKILLS LITERARY ARGUMENTATION
AP claim in your thesis. You may use sentence stems like the following to begin to
PRACTICE Developing a Line of Reasoning
explain the function of your evidence:
Review your thesis statement, which may or may not preview the line of reason- • By using these examples, the author reveals . . .
ing. Record the topic sentences to represent your line of reasoning and place • The author includes the metaphor to illustrate . . .
them in a logical order. As you do this, consider the potential evidence from the
text that helped you arrive at your line of reasoning. That textual evidence will • This specific word choice suggests . . .
serve as support for each of your techniques. • The simile explores the connection between . . .
• The repetition of emphasizes . . .
Supporting a Thesis Statement with a Line of Reasoning
Defensible Thesis Statement with Interpretation (idea + insight): In the next unit, we will begin to develop skills to write insightful explanations
of your carefully chosen evidence. These explanations, also called commentary, will
link your textual evidence to your interpretation by revealing the purpose of your
evidence not only on its own but also in conjunction with other details from the text.
Topic Sentence 1 Topic Sentence 2 Topic Sentence 3
(Author’s first technique (Author’s second (Author’s third technique TRM Graphic Organizer: Selecting Relevant
that contributes to tone technique that that contributes to tone LITERARY ARGUMENTATION Evidence to Support a Line of Reasoning
® SKILLS
and illustrates unifying contributes to tone and and illustrates unifying AP Selecting Relevant Evidence to Support
idea): illustrates unifying idea): idea): PRACTICE a Line of Reasoning
Write your thesis statement and develop a logical line of reasoning to support
your interpretation. Next, draft two or more body paragraphs that include textual
evidence from the text to support each reason. Finally, write a concluding state-
ment that explains the significance of your idea. You may use the following table
for planning.
Select Relevant Evidence Copyright (c) 2023 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Uncorrected proofs were used with this sample chapter.
After you have planned your line of reasoning, you must support each topic sen- Developing an Argument with Supporting Evidence
tence with relevant evidence from the text. In other words, every body paragraph Defensible Thesis Statement with Interpretation (idea + insight):
should include evidence. You should examine your notes for potential evidence Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Strictly for use with its products. Not for redistribution.
that you recorded as you developed your line of reasoning.
In this workshop, you have been focusing specifically on the tone of a text
and how the author’s use of figurative elements contributes to the tone and to your Topic Sentence 1 Topic Sentence 2 Topic Sentence 3
interpretation of the text. Therefore, you will quote evidence that exemplifies the (Identify the author’s (Identify the author’s (Identify the author’s
following: first technique that second technique that third technique that
• Specific words and phrases in a text that convey a tone and relate to your contributes to tone and contributes to tone and contributes to tone and
idea and insight illustrates unifying idea): illustrates unifying idea): illustrates unifying idea):
(continued)

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DIFFERENTIATION
Scaffolding
Some teachers may not wish to assign the full composition in this early unit, but instead practice
annotating the passage with idea-driven notes. Then students can complete a graphic organizer in
which they write the thesis statement and topic sentences and list the evidence that will support each
topic sentence.

Thesis:

Topic Sentence 1: Topic Sentence 2: Topic Sentence 3:

Relevant Evidence: Relevant Evidence: Relevant Evidence:

Composition Workshop Writing about Tone 189

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