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                                                         of these are quintessentially American values   high-minded chatter to a working family that is
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                                                         and institutions. As Americans, we should care
                                                         and institutions. As Americans, we should care   struggling to make ends meet during the current
                                                                                          struggling to make ends meet during the current
                                                         about preserving the power of each of them.
                                                                                          recession, or to a family member of a victim who
               DIFFERENTIATION                      Identity  about preserving the power of each of them.   recession, or to a family member of a victim who
                                                         Sometimes that means leaving each one of them   died at the hands of excessively forceful police,
                                                                                          died at the hands of excessively forceful police,
                                                         Sometimes that means leaving each one of them
               Collaborative Learning                    alone and keeping them separate from one   or to a small-business owner who had his or her
                                                                                          or to a small-business owner who had his or her
                                                         alone and keeping them separate from one
                                                         another. That, too, is part of what it means to
               Ramaswamy ends his essay with several     another. That, too, is part of what it means to   store raided in the name of racial justice, or to
                                                                                          store raided in the name of racial justice, or to
                                                         reject essentialism and embrace pluralism, at
                                                                                          someone whose parents may have died of
               paragraphs that define what he sees as    reject essentialism and embrace pluralism, at   someone whose parents may have died of
                                                         the level of America itself.
                                                                                          COVID-19. Rebuilding shared American identity
               appropriate steps forward for America. To   the level of America itself.   COVID-19. Rebuilding shared American identity
               help students understand his claims and to   The antidote to the siren song of identity   may seem abstruse in the face of these practical
                                                                                          may seem abstruse in the face of these practical
                                                            The antidote to the siren song of identity
                Copyright (c) 2023 Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Uncorrected proofs have been used for this sample chapter.
                                                         politics and tribal division in our country isn’t to
               consider his line of reasoning, you could   politics and tribal division in our country isn’t to   challenges.
                                                                                          challenges.
               divide them into small groups and assign   double down on our division. We’ve spent so   Yet I believe it is a necessary precondition to
                                                                                             Yet I believe it is a necessary precondition to
                                                         double down on our division. We’ve spent so
                                                         much time celebrating our differences that we
                                                                                          making real progress on the more tangible prob-
               them to look at paragraph 18, 19, or 22 (or   much time celebrating our differences that we   making real progress on the more tangible prob-
               let them choose one for their group). Ask   have forgotten all the ways that we are actually   lems that we face. In the end, all we can do is
                                                                                          lems that we face. In the end, all we can do is
                                                         have forgotten all the ways that we are actually
               them to summarize Ramaswamy’s argu-       the same. The cure to our division isn’t to cele-  make progress, bit by bit. America is imperfect
                                                         the same. The cure to our division isn’t to cele-
                                                                                          make progress, bit by bit. America is imperfect
               ment in that paragraph, and then look back   brate our diversity between one another. It is to   and always will be. Indeed, America was born in
                                                         brate our diversity between one another. It is to
                                                                                          and always will be. Indeed, America was born in
               at the essay to trace his line of reasoning   celebrate the diversity within each of us. That   part from the idea that perfection is impossible.
                   Distributed by Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishers. Strictly for use with its products. Not for redistribution.
                                                         celebrate the diversity within each of us. That
                                                                                          part from the idea that perfection is impossible.
               that leads to the conclusion in that para-  is the key to our shared identity as Americans —    Our system of checks and balances reflects an
                                                                                          Our system of checks and balances reflects an
                                                         is the key to our shared identity as Americans—
               graph by highlighting claims, evidence, and     one so strong that it makes both racism and   understanding that humans are fallible, includ-
                                                                                          understanding that humans are fallible, includ-
                                                         one so strong that it makes both racism and
               commentary that develop the ideas.        woke culture superfluous, one that is achievable   ing the leaders we elect.
                                                                                          ing the leaders we elect.
                                                         woke culture superfluous, one that is achievable
               Groups can then share their results, and   even if we don’t share every attribute, or even   Still, more than any nation in history,
                                                         even if we don’t share every attribute, or even
                                                                                             Still, more than any nation in history,
               the class could then discuss the line of rea-  most attributes.              America is the pursuit of perfection — call it
                                                                                          America is the pursuit of perfection — call it
                                                         most attributes.
               soning of the essay as a whole: is one of    I recognize that much of this message may   20 the pursuit of a more perfect union, the pursuit
                                                                                          the pursuit of a more perfect union, the pursuit
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                                                                                                 t
                                                                                                           ct union, the
                                                            I recognize that much of this message may
                                                                                                 t
                                                                                                  of a mor
                                                                                                      e p
                                                                                                          fe
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                                                                                               ui
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               them best for the essay as a whole, or do   sound aloof to many Americans who find them-  of happiness, the pursuit of liberty, equality,
                                                                                          of happiness, the pursuit of liberty, equality,
                                                                                                        ui
                                                                                                         t
                                                                                                        ui
                                                                                                      u
                                                                                                     p
                                                                                                     p
                                                                                                      u
                                                                                                                     y,
                                                                                                       rs
                                                                                                       rs
                                                                                                         t
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                                                         sound aloof to many Americans who find them-
                                                                                                                 qualit
                                                                                                           of lib
                                                                                                               y, e
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               they overlap, intertwine, or work together?  selves suffering during this particularly difficult   and justice for all. If we can elevate these
                                                         selves suffering during this particularly difficult
                                                                                          and justice for all. If we can elevate these
                                                         year. I recognize that not everyone has experi-
                                                         year. I recognize that not everyone has experi-  ideals above fractious group identities, then
                                                                                          ideals above fractious group identities, then
                                                         enced the full arc of the American dream in the
                                                                                          nothing — not a nation, not a virus — can
                                                         enced the full arc of the American dream in the   nothing — not a nation, not a virus — can
                                                         same way that I have. Rediscovering shared
                                                                                          beat us.
               DIFFERENTIATION                           same way that I have. Rediscovering shared   beat us.
                                                         American identity may sound like a load of
                                                         American identity may sound like a load of                  2020
               Speaking and Listening
               At the end of the essay, in paragraphs 20
               and 21, Ramaswamy addresses counterar-
               guments and offers some concessions. You            Understanding and Interpreting
                                            ou
                          fers some concessions. Y
               guments and of
               could ask students to identify the function
               of those two paragraphs in the structure              1.  Rhetorical Situation.  How would you characterize the rhetorical situation in which Vivek
               of his argument. How do they affect his              Ramaswamy writes? Be sure to consider exigence and occasion in your response.
               ethos? Why are they apt for the rhetorical          2. Claims and Evidence / Reasoning and Organization.  The beginning of Ramaswamy’s
               situation?                                           article consists of the definition and exemplification of two key concepts: essentialism
                                                                    and pluralism. Using Ramaswamy’s definitions, provide two more examples of each
                                                                    concept.
               TRM  Suggested Responses
                                                                   3.  Rhetorical Situation / Claims and Evidence.  In paragraph 5, Ramaswamy states that
               Suggested responses to the questions for             “every American bears a responsibility to soundly reject” what he calls “[t]his narrative of
               this reading can be found in the Teacher’s           identity.” How does he define this narrative? What appeals does he make to persuade
               Resource Materials.                                  Americans to reject it? What claims does he give to support this call to action?
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                                                 DIFFERENTIATION                     DIFFERENTIATION
                                                 Connections to Self                 Mode of Expression
                                                 Understanding Q2. Although it might raise   Understanding Q2. You could offer the
                                                 some contentious discussion, you might ask   opportunity for students to create a poster
                                                 students to decide where they stand on the   that contrasts essentialism and pluralism,
                                                 essentialist–pluralist divide. You might pres-  perhaps with a big “OR” in the middle. They
                                                 ent it as a continuum rather than as a binary.   could make both views seem equal, or they
                                                 Draw a line with each term at an end, and ask   could express a position on the two by the
                                                 students to do the same on a piece of paper   way they depict their view.
                                                 or screen. Ask them to situate their own
                                                 views on that continuum. Then, ask them to
                                                 write a rationale that supports their choice,
                                                 including supporting evidence. They can take
                                                 Ramaswamy’s definitions of the terms and
                                                 adapt or qualify them to express their views.
               258                                                                                     chapter 4  / Identity
          05_sheatlcte4e_46921_ch04_170a_315_2pp.indd   258                                                             1/20/23   7:50 PM
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